Age | Female ≥65 years, male ≥55 years | 177 (50.7), n = 349 | 87.5 | 54.0 | 19.8 | 97.1 | 1.90 | 0.23 | 8.23 (3.14 to 21.57) | <0.001 |
|
Patient self-perception | Patient assumes cardiac origin of pain | 185 (63.6), n = 291 | 83.3 | 38.7 | 13.5 | 95.3 | 1.35 | 0.44 | 3.16 (1.17 to 8.51) | 0.02 |
| Home visit | 31 (8.9), n = 349 | 35.0 | 94.5 | 45.2 | 91.8 | 6.36 | 0.6 | 9.25 (4.1 to 20.86) | <0.001 |
|
Physician's impression | Patient is different than usual | 99 (31.8), n = 311 | 56.3 | 71.0 | 18.2 | 93.4 | 1.94 | 0.62 | 2.93 (1.41 to 6.10) | <0.001 |
| Something is wrong with my patient | 79 (23.3), n = 339 | 56.4 | 81.0 | 27.8 | 93.5 | 3.05 | 0.52 | 5.51 (2.71 to 11.61) | <0.001 |
| Pale | 60 (17.6), n = 340 | 42.5 | 85.7 | 28.3 | 91.8 | 3.05 | 0.66 | 4.42 (2.18 to 8.94) | <0.001 |
| Anxious | 142 (41.4), n = 343 | 55.0 | 60.4 | 15.5 | 91.0 | 1.42 | 0.72 | 1.86 (0.96 to 3.62) | 0.06 |
| Cold, clammy skin | 15 (4.4), n = 339 | 15.0 | 97.0 | 40.0 | 89.5 | 5.13 | 0.87 | 5.68 (1.91 to 16.95) | <0.001 |
| Calm | 26 (7.7), n = 339 | 23.1 | 94.3 | 34.6 | 90.4 | 4.05 | 0.82 | 4.83 (1.98 to 11.76) | <0.001 |
| Red complexion | 29 (8.6), n = 339 | 10.3 | 91.7 | 13.8 | 88.7 | 1.24 | 0.98 | 1.22 (0.40 to 3.71) | 0.72 |
| Agitated | 109 (32.2), n = 338 | 38.5 | 68.6 | 13.8 | 89.5 | 1.23 | 0.90 | 1.31 (0.66 to 2.60) | 0.44 |
| Breathless | 51 (15.1), n = 337 | 28.2 | 86.6 | 21.6 | 90.2 | 2.10 | 0.83 | 2.45 (1.13 to 5.28) | 0.02 |
|
Presentation and duration of a pain episode | Pain at time of consultation | 222 (64.0), n = 347 | 61.5 | 35.7 | 10.8 | 88.0 | 0.96 | 1.08 | 0.93 (0.47 to 1.83) | 0.83 |
| Continuous painb | 110 (31.6), n = 348 | 23.1 | 67.3 | 8.2 | 87.4 | 0.71 | 1.14 | 0.69 (0.32 to 1.46) | 0.33 |
| 12–24 hoursb | 18 (5.2), n = 348 | 2.6 | 94.5 | 5.6 | 88.5 | 0.47 | 1.03 | 0.97 (0.92 to 1.03) | 0.42 |
| 1–12 hours | 41 (11.8), n = 348 | 12.8 | 88.3 | 12.2 | 88.9 | 1.09 | 0.99 | 1.08 (0.40 to 2.94) | 0.88 |
| 30–60 minutes | 55 (15.8), n = 348 | 15.4 | 84.1 | 10.9 | 88.7 | 0.97 | 1.01 | 0.94 (0.371 to 2.35) | 0.89 |
| 1–30 minutes | 83 (23.9), n = 348 | 33.3 | 77.3 | 15.7 | 90.2 | 1.47 | 0.86 | 1.64 (0.81 to 3.36) | 0.17 |
| <1 minute | 4 (9.8), n = 348 | 10.3 | 93.0 | 11.8 | 88.9 | 1.47 | 0.96 | 1.03 (0.34 to 3.10) | 0.95 |
|
Frequency of pain | Once a day | 50 (17.4), n =288 | 23.5 | 83.5 | 16.0 | 89.1 | 1.42 | 0.92 | 1.55 (0.66 to 3.67) | 0.31 |
| Less frequently than once a day | 31 (10.8), n = 288 | 11.8 | 89.4 | 12.9 | 88.3 | 1.11 | 0.99 | 1.12 (0.37 to 3.42) | 0.84 |
|
Time at onset of pain | Early morning | 20 (7.2), n = 278 | 9.4 | 93.1 | 15.0 | 88.8 | 1.36 | 0.97 | 1.39 (0.39 to 5.05) | 0.11 |
| Morning | 19 (6.8), n = 278 | 9.4 | 93.5 | 15.8 | 88.8 | 1.45 | 0.97 | 1.49 (0.41 to 5.41) | 0.54 |
| Midday | 14 (5.0), n = 278 | 0.0 | 94.3 | 0.0 | 87.9 | 0.00 | 1.06 | 0.25 (0.01 to 4.23)d | 0.17 |
| Afternoon | 1 (0.4), n = 278 | 0.0 | 99.6 | 0.0 | 88.4 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 2.52 (0.10 to 63.11)d | 0.72 |
| Evening | 26 (9.4), n = 278 | 9.4 | 90.7 | 11.5 | 88.5 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.28 to 3.53) | 1.00 |
| Night | 30 (10.8), n = 278 | 18.8 | 90.2 | 20.0 | 89.5 | 1.92 | 0.90 | 2.14 (0.80 to 5.70) | 0.12 |
|
Pain character | Pressure | 156 (45.2), n = 345 | 73.7 | 58.3 | 17.9 | 94.7 | 1.77 | 0.45 | 3.56 (1.71 to 7.41) | <0.001 |
| Burning | 44 (12.8), n = 345 | 7.9 | 86.6 | 6.8 | 88.4 | 0.59 | 1.06 | 0.54 (0.16 to 1.83) | 0.32 |
| Stingingb | 136 (39.4), n = 345 | 18.4 | 58.0 | 5.1 | 85.2 | 0.44 | 1.41 | 0.30 (0.13 to 0.71) | <0.001 |
| Dull | 56 (16.2), n = 345 | 18.4 | 84.0 | 12.5 | 89.3 | 1.15 | 0.97 | 1.35 (0.59 to 3.13) | 0.47 |
|
Other symptoms | Nausea/vomiting | 39 (11.2), n = 348 | 17.9 | 89.6 | 17.9 | 89.6 | 1.72 | 0.92 | 1.84 (0.75 to 4.49) | 0.18 |
| Dyspnoea | 67 (19.3), n = 348 | 33.3 | 82.5 | 19.4 | 90.7 | 1.90 | 0.81 | 2.23 (1.10 to 4.69) | 0.02 |
| Tightness | 119 (34.2), n = 348 | 56.4 | 68.6 | 18.5 | 92.6 | 1.80 | 0.64 | 2.67 (1.37 to 5.21) | <0.001 |
| Coughb | 49 (14.1), n = 348 | 2.6 | 84.5 | 2.0 | 87.3 | 0.17 | 1.15 | 0.14 (0.02 to 1.04) | 0.03 |
| Respiratory infectionb | 39 (11.2), n = 348 | 2.6 | 87.7 | 2.6 | 87.7 | 0.21 | 1.11 | 0.18 (0.24 to 1.37) | 0.07 |
|
Pain depending on | Exercise | 48 (13.8), n = 348 | 17.9 | 86.7 | 14.6 | 89.3 | 1.35 | 0.95 | 1.38 (0.58 to 3.34) | 0.47 |
| Inspirationb | 91 (26.1), n = 348 | 2.6 | 70.9 | 1.1 | 85.2 | 0.09 | 1.37 | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.46) | <0.001 |
| Movementb | 101 (29.0), n = 348 | 10.3 | 68.6 | 0.4 | 85.8 | 0.33 | 1.31 | 0.24 (0.84 to 0.70) | 0.01 |
| Food intake | 4 (1.1), n = 348 | 0.0 | 98.7 | 0.0 | 88.7 | 0.00 | 1.01 | 0.84 (0.04 to 15.86)d | 0.47 |
|
Comorbidity | Known CHD | 58 (16.7), n = 349 | 52.5 | 88.0 | 36.2 | 93.5 | 4.48 | 0.53 | 8.13 (4.00 to 16.51) | <0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 17 (4.9), n = 349 | 15.0 | 96.4 | 35.3 | 89.8 | 4.28 | 0.88 | 4.78 (1.66 to 13.75) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | 32 (9.2), n = 349 | 25.0 | 92.9 | 31.3 | 90.5 | 3.61 | 0.80 | 4.35 (1.88 to 10.04) | <0.001 |
| Occlusive arterial disease | 9 (2.6), n = 349 | 7.5 | 98.1 | 33.3 | 89.1 | 4.05 | 0.94 | 4.10 (0.98 to 17.06) | 0.04 |
| Clinical vascular diseasec | 68 (19.5), n = 349 | 57.5 | 85.4 | 33.8 | 94.0 | 3.94 | 0.50 | 7.94 (3.93 to 16.02) | <0.001 |
|
Risk factors for CHD | Hyperlipidaemia | 78 (22.3), n = 349 | 40.0 | 79.9 | 20.5 | 91.1 | 2.04 | 0.74 | 2.66 (1.33 to 5.30) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 44 (12.6), n = 349 | 27.5 | 89.3 | 25.0 | 90.5 | 2.64 | 0.80 | 3.17 (1.45 to 6.94) | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 46 (13.2), n = 349 | 17.5 | 87.4 | 15.2 | 89.1 | 1.42 | 0.94 | 4.47 (0.61 to 3.55) | 0.39 |
| Hypertension | 136 (39.0), n = 349 | 62.5 | 64.1 | 18.4 | 93.0 | 1.71 | 0.60 | 2.97 (1.51 to 5.87) | <0.001 |
| Overweight | 106 (30.4), n = 349 | 32.5 | 69.9 | 12.3 | 88.9 | 1.11 | 0.95 | 1.12 (0.55 to 2.26) | 0.76 |
| Family history of CHD/MI | 34 (9.7), n = 349 | 12.5 | 90.6 | 14.7 | 88.9 | 1.36 | 0.96 | 1.38 (0.50 to 3.80) | 0.53 |
| Lack of exercise/inactivity | 43 (12.3), n = 349 | 7.5 | 87.1 | 7.0 | 87.9 | 0.60 | 1.06 | 0.56 (0.16 to 1.85) | 0.32 |
|
Localisation of pain | Retrosternal | 207 (59.3), n = 349 | 62.5 | 41.1 | 12.1 | 89.4 | 1.04 | 0.94 | 1.16 (0.59 to 2.29) | 0.66 |
| Left side of chest | 216 (61.9), n = 349 | 67.5 | 38.8 | 12.5 | 90.2 | 1.09 | 0.86 | 1.32 (0.66 to 2.66) | 0.43 |
| Right side of chest | 66 (18.9), n = 349 | 20.0 | 81.2 | 12.1 | 88.7 | 1.09 | 0.98 | 1.08 (0.47 to 2.47) | 0.85 |
| Upper abdomen | 54 (15.5), n = 349 | 12.5 | 84.1 | 9.3 | 88.1 | 0.81 | 1.04 | 0.76 (0.28 to 2.03) | 0.58 |
|
Radiation of pain | Left side of chest | 37 (10.6), n = 349 | 15.0 | 90.0 | 16.2 | 89.1 | 1.54 | 0.94 | 1.58 (0.61 to 4.07) | 0.33 |
| Left arm | 35 (10.0), n = 349 | 22.5 | 91.6 | 25.7 | 90.1 | 2.75 | 0.84 | 3.16 (1.36 to 7.35) | 0.01 |
| Right side of chest | 9 (2.6), n = 349 | 5.0 | 97.7 | 22.2 | 88.8 | 2.22 | 0.97 | 2.27 (0.46 to 11.33) | 0.31 |
| Right arm | 3 (0.9), n = 349 | 0.0 | 99.0 | 0.0 | 88.4 | 0.00 | 1.01 | 2.27 (0.46 to 11.33)d | 0.53 |
| Upper abdomen | 8 (2.3), n = 349 | 2.5 | 97.7 | 12.5 | 88.6 | 1.13 | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.13 to 9.23) | 0.93 |
| Back | 34 (9.8), n = 349 | 12.5 | 90.6 | 14.7 | 88.9 | 1.36 | 0.96 | 1.38 (0.51 to 3.80) | 0.53 |
|
Physical examination | Localised muscle tensionb | 140 (46.1), n = 304a | 20.7 | 51.3 | 4.3 | 86.0 | 0.44 | 1.53 | 0.27 (0.11 to 0.70) | <0.001 |
| Pain reproducible by palpationb | 121 (44.0), n = 275a | 12.5 | 51.9 | 3.3 | 81.8 | 0.27 | 1.68 | 0.15 (0.05 to 0.45) | <0.001 |