Summary of results of interventions on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood pressure control and follow-up at clinic
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | Blood pressure control, ORa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Pooled estimate (95% CI) | Range of results from individual RCTs | Pooled estimate (95% CI) | Range of results from individual RCTs | Pooled estimate (95% CI) | Range of results from individual RCTs |
| Self-monitoring | −2.5 (−3.7 to −1.3)b | −10 to 5 | −1.8 (−2.4 to −1.2)b | −12 to 0 | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.2) | 0.5 to 1.3 |
| Education (patient) | c | −16 to 1 | c | −9 to 7 | −0.8 (0.8 to 1.0)a | 0.3 to 1.1 |
| Education (physician) | −2.0 (−3.5 to −0.6)b | −7 to 1 | −0.4 (−1.1 to 0.3) | −2 to 1 | 0.9 (0.8 to 0.9) | 0.8 to 1.0 |
| Nurse- or pharmacist-led care | c | −13 to 0 | c | −8 to 0 | c | 0.1 to 0.9 |
| Organisational interventions | c | −12 to 3 | c | −8 to 5 | c | 0.5 to 1.8 |
| Appointment reminders | c | −10 to 5 | c | −7 to 2 | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.7)a | 0.5 to 0.6 |
| Follow-up at clinic (RR) | ||||||
| Intervention | Pooled estimate (95% CI) | Range of results from individual RCTs | ||||
| Appointment reminders | c | 0.1 to 1.4 | ||||
↵a OR of control of blood pressure (‘control’ blood pressure threshold definition taken as that used in each individual RCT), RR <1 blood pressure control greater in intervention group, >1 blood pressure control greater in control group.
↵b P<0.05, heterogeneous results.
↵c No pooled estimate reported.
OR = odds ratio. RCT = randomised controlled trial. RR = relative risk.