Table 3

Predictors of a positive culture

							Odds ratio

	Culture positive, n/N	Culture negative, n/N	Sensitivity, %	Specificity, %	LR+	LR−	Unadjusted, LR+/LR−	Adjusted^a (95% CI)
Purulent discharge	233/311	110/281	75	61	1.91	0.41	4.6	1.7 (1.08 to 2.58)

Severity (moderate+)	100/295	131/277	34	53	0.72	1.25	0.6	1.4 (0.89 to 2.12)

Age <5 years	239/273	45/100	88	55	1.95	0.23	8.6	7.9 (4.60 to 13.61)

Purulent discharge and moderate+	66/293	49/276	23	82	1.27	0.94	1.4	1.3 (0.80 to 1.96)

Purulent discharge and age <5 years	204/271	32/99	75	68	2.33	0.37	6.4	5.9 (3.54 to 9.77)

Moderate+ and age <5 years	58/255	9/97	23	91	2.45	0.85	2.9	3.2 (1.50 to 6.98)

Purulent discharge and moderate+ and age <5 years	51/253	7/97	20	93	2.79	0.86	3.3	3.0 (1.31 to 7.07)

↵a Adjusted odds ratio obtained using a fixed-effect logistic regression model with trial used as indexing variable. LR = likelihood ratio.