R: | receptionist |
P: | patient |
? | rising intonation |
. | a stop indicates the micro-interval between segments of speech |
(.) | a stop in round brackets indicates a pause of less than one second |
(2) | a number in round brackets indicates a pause timed to the nearest second |
:: | a colon indicates lengthening of a sound, with additional colons indicating further lengthening |
no | underlining indicates a word spoken louder than those around it |
pres- | a dash immediately after an item indicates that the speaker has broken off before completing the utterance |
| square brackets on successive lines indicate the beginning of simultaneous speech |
= = | equals signs indicate that there is no interval between adjacent utterances |
{mhm} | curly brackets enclose brief utterances made during another speaker's turn, which show acknowledgement of what is being said |
(sighs) | italicised text in round brackets indicates either contextual information or non-verbal vocalisations |
hh | indicates a unit of laughter |