Frequency of red flag and recent general symptoms in women in the derivation and validation cohort
| Derivation cohort, n (%) | Validation cohort, n (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Red flag symptom | ||
| Abdominal distension | 5080 (0.4) | 2489 (0.4) |
| Abdominal pain | 133 715 (10.8) | 70 703 (10.6) |
| Appetite loss | 6130 (0.5) | 2793 (0.4) |
| Breast lump | 54 664 (4.4) | 28 536 (4.3) |
| Breast pain | 31 050 (2.5) | 16 264 (2.4) |
| Breast skin/nipple changes | 2102 (0.2) | 1083 (0.2) |
| Dysphagia | 7225 (0.6) | 3511 (0.5) |
| Dyspareunia | 7612 (0.6) | 3837 (0.6) |
| Haematemesis | 5598 (0.5) | 2798 (0.4) |
| Haematuria | 16 749 (1.3) | 8640 (1.3) |
| Haemoptysis | 4252 (0.3) | 2117 (0.3) |
| Heartburn | 11 981 (1.0) | 5913 (0.9) |
| Indigestion | 45 619 (3.7) | 23 275 (3.5) |
| Inter-menstrual bleeding | 13 098 (1.1) | 6454 (1.0) |
| Neck lump | 5743 (0.5) | 2927 (0.4) |
| Night sweats | 3658 (0.3) | 1830 (0.3) |
| Post-coital bleeding | 2705 (0.2) | 1497 (0.2) |
| Post-menopausal bleeding | 16 561 (1.3) | 8578 (1.3) |
| Rectal bleeding | 24 834 (2.0) | 12 436 (1.9) |
| Venous thrombo-embolism | 9605 (0.8) | 4819 (0.7) |
| Weight loss | 13 491 (1.1) | 6874 (1.0) |
| Recent general symptoms | ||
| Back pain | 47 438 (3.8) | 25 090 (3.8) |
| Bruising | 2663 (0.2) | 1166 (0.2) |
| Change in bowel habit | 3383 (0.3) | 1539 (0.2) |
| Constipation | 17 101 (1.4) | 8708 (1.3) |
| Cough | 48 677 (3.9) | 25 696 (3.8) |
| Diarrhoea | 22 727 (1.8) | 11 705 (1.8) |
| Dyspnoea | 10 574 (0.9) | 5267 (0.8) |
| Fever | 4114 (0.3) | 1788 (0.3) |
| Headache | 28 145 (2.3) | 14 899 (2.2) |
| Itching | 3593 (0.3) | 1975 (0.3) |
| Tiredness | 27 006 (2.2) | 13 169 (2.0) |
| Nausea | 9477 (0.8) | 4672 (0.7) |
| Nocturia | 1245 (0.1) | 582 (0.1) |
| Urgency | 1532 (0.1) | 627 (0.1) |
| Urinary frequency | 6961 (0.6) | 3188 (0.5) |
| Urinary retention | 558 (0.0) | 278 (0.0) |
| Urinary incontinence | 8977 (0.7) | 4627 (0.7) |
| Vaginal discharge | 12 285 (1.0) | 6541 (1.0) |