n | % | χ2 | P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
Sex | Male | 29 | 8.4 | 10.0 | 0.002 |
Female | 22 | 3.5 | |||
Age, years | 18–24 | 22 | 10.4 | 18.2 | 0.001 |
23–44 | 8 | 5.2 | |||
35–44 | 4 | 2.9 | |||
45–64 | 13 | 4.6 | |||
≥65 | 5 | 2.1 | |||
Relationship status | Single, never married | 29 | 8.5 | 11.9 | 0.003 |
Married/cohabitating | 20 | 3.8 | |||
DSW/other | 4 | 2.6 | |||
Education | Secondary school or less | 9 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 0.272 |
Post-secondary school | 37 | 5.9 | |||
Postgraduate/other | 6 | 5.8 | |||
Employment | Employed | 21 | 5.3 | 7.7 | 0.052 |
Unemployed | 11 | 8.7 | |||
Student | 11 | 6.6 | |||
Retired/other | 9 | 2.8 | |||
Ethnic group | White | 45 | 5.1 | 0.0 | 0.969 |
Non-white | 7 | 5.6 | |||
Clinical characteristics | |||||
Depression | Whooley (≥1) | 38 | 6.8 | 5.1 | 0.024 |
Whooley (0) | 15 | 3.4 | |||
Anxiety | GAD-2 (≥3) | 19 | 7.3 | 2.3 | 0.127 |
GAD-2 (<3) | 32 | 4.5 | |||
Alcohol | AUDIT-C (≥5) | 30 | 9.8 | 12.9 | 0.000 |
AUDIT-C (<5) | 24 | 3.7 | |||
Drug use | SISQ Yes | 22 | 15.7 | 32.8 | 0.000 |
SISQ No | 30 | 3.6 |
Positive endorsement of either item from the Whooley depression scale was used to indicate possible depression. Scores of ≥3 on the GAD-2 were used to indicate potential anxiety. Scores of 5esp on the AUDIT-C were used to indicate high risk (including hazardous and harmful) drinking. DSW = Divorced/separated/widowed. PGSI = Problem Gambling Severity Index. AUDIT = Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. SISQ = Single-Item Screening Question for Unhealthy Drug Use.