Example risk factor profiles used to estimate 10-year cardiovascular disease risk with QRISK2a
| Optimal | High BMI | + High total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio | + Treated hypertension | + Diabetes | + Moderate smoking | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.5 | 30.1 | 30.1 | 30.1 | 30.1 | 30.1 |
| Total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio | 4.0 | 4.0 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 110 | 110 | 110 | 135 | 135 | 135 |
| Treated hypertension | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Diabetes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Smoking status | Never | Never | Never | Never | Never | Moderate smoker |
↵a Optimal BMI was defined according to an analysis of cohort studies assessing BMI and risk of cardiovascular disease worldwide.11 Optimal total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio was defined by the cut-off recommended by the NHS.12 Optimal systolic blood pressure was defined by the American Heart Association’s Prevention Guidelines panel.13 High BMI was set to the average level in adults aged 30–84 years with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 in the Health Survey for England 2011. High total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio was set to the average level among adults with a ratio of ≥4 and who were not receiving statins. Treated systolic blood pressure was set to the average level among adults who received blood pressure medication. For all risk factor profiles, ethnicity was set to ‘white or not stated’, Townsend deprivation score was set to 0, and remaining risk factors were set to ‘no’ (type 1 diabetes, family history of coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, and rheumatoid arthritis). BP = blood pressure. BMI = body mass index. CVD = cardiovascular disease. HDL = high density lipoprotein.