RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Schizophrenia in black Caribbeans living in the UK: an exploration of underlying causes of the high incidence rate
JF British Journal of General Practice
JO Br J Gen Pract
FD British Journal of General Practice
SP 429
OP 434
DO 10.3399/bjgp08X299254
VO 58
IS 551
A1 Rebecca Pinto
A1 Mark Ashworth
A1 Roger Jones
YR 2008
UL http://bjgp.org/content/58/551/429.abstract
AB The incidence of schizophrenia in black Caribbeans living in the UK is substantially higher than in the white British population. When first reported, these findings were assumed to be a first-generation migrant effect or merely the result of methodological artefacts associated with inconsistencies in the diagnosis of schizophrenia in black Caribbeans and doubts about population denominators. More recently, it has become clear that the incidence of schizophrenia, based on standardised diagnosis and sophisticated census methods, is higher still in second-generation black Caribbeans. The largest study to date has demonstrated a ninefold higher risk of schizophrenia in UK-resident black Caribbeans: findings that are of concern to black Caribbean communities, to their GPs, and to health service managers responsible for resource allocation. A literature search was carried in order to explore possible reasons for the reported excess incidence of schizophrenia in UK-resident black Caribbeans. Competing hypotheses are reviewed and the paper concludes with a summary of specific social and psychological risk factors of significance within the black Caribbean community. Awareness of the factors associated with the onset and presentation of schizophrenia in black Caribbeans may help early diagnosis and rapid access to appropriate treatment which, in turn, appear to be related to improved long-term outcomes.