<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><xml><records><record><source-app name="HighWire" version="7.x">Drupal-HighWire</source-app><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saund, Jasjot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dodhia, Hiten</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanoli, Jacopo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masselot, Pierre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O’Neill, Stephen</style></author></authors><secondary-authors></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association of the NHS Health Check with all-cause mortality: a longitudinal cohort study in primary care</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">British Journal of General Practice</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026-09-01 00:00:00</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e724-e733</style></pages><doi><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.3399/BJGP.2025.0451</style></doi><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">770</style></issue><abstract><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention is a policy priority because of widening inequalities and increasing preventable deaths. The NHS Health Check (NHS-HC) programme aims to promote early detection and prevention of CVD but has a wider-reaching impact owing to targeting multiple risk factors. Although programme evaluations demonstrate improvements in detection and surrogate markers, research on mortality outcomes remain limited, particularly using representative, real-world data.Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of NHS-HCs in reducing all-cause mortality.Design and setting Longitudinal cohort study in an inner-city London borough.Method Data from electronic primary care records were analysed for 158 645 eligible participants (2009–2023). Survival was modelled using a Cox proportional hazards model with time-varying exposure. All-cause mortality risk was compared between those attending ≥1 NHS-HC (n = 42 589) and those who did not (n = 116 056). Sociodemographic, geographic, and behavioural factors were adjusted using propensity score weighting.Results Of the 158 645 participants, 63 347 (39.9%) were of Black, Asian, mixed, or other ethnicity, and 100 825 (63.6%) lived in the two most deprived quintiles in England. Attendance at ≥1 NHS-HC was associated with lower mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.68, 95% confidence interval = 0.63 to 0.74), indicating a 32% reduction in risk. Ten-year absolute mortality risk reduction increased with age, with the largest difference among those aged 70–74 years (18.1% versus 12.9%). Sensitivity analyses supported these findings.Conclusion This study suggests significant long-term survival benefit associated with the NHS-HC, supporting continued investment in and optimisation of the programme to provide population health benefits. Findings were robust to missing data assumptions and COVID-19, although residual confounding cannot be ruled out.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>