Passive coping (score out of a possible 55) |
11–24 (low) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
25–28 | 1.3 (1.0 to 1.8) | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.7) |
29–33 | 1.5 (1.1 to 2.0) | 1.5 (1.1 to 2.0) |
34–51 (high) | 1.5 (1.1 to 2.0) | 1.4 (1.01 to 1.9) |
|
Pain score (mm) (100mm visual analogue scale) |
0–19 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
20–39 | 1.6 (1.2 to 2.3) | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.4) |
40–59 | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.4) | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) |
60–79 | 2.0 (1.4 to 2.9) | 2.1 (1.5 to 3.0) |
80–100 | 2.1 (1.5 to 3.1) | 2.2 (1.5 to 3.2) |
|
Previous history of other chronic pain symptoms |
No | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Yes | 1.4 (1.2 to 1.7) | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.6) |
|
Duration of current episode |
<1 week | 1.0 | 1.0 |
1–4 week | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.3) | 1.04 (0.8 to 1.4) |
1–3 months | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.4) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.4) |
>3 months | 1.3 (1.04 to 1.6) | 1.3 (1.04 to 1.7) |
|
Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire20 disability (quartiles) |
0–4 (low disability) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
5–8 | 2.0 (1.3 to 2.9) | 2.2 (1.4 to 3.3) |
9–13 | 1.8 (1.2 to 2.7) | 2.0 (1.3 to 3.0) |
14–23 (high disability) | 2.1 (1.4 to 3.2) | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.5) |
|
Currently in paid employment |
Yes | 1.0 | 1.0 |
No | 1.2 (1.04 to 1.4) | 1.2 (1.03 to 1.4) |
|
Occurrence of low back pain every day |
No | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Yes | 1.3 (1.02 to 1.7) | 1.3 (1.04 to 1.7) |