Domain | Socially isolated (%)(total n = 397) | Not socially isolated (%) (total n = 2201) | χ2 (df) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aged 65–74 years (n = 1493) | 183 (46.1) | 1310 (59.5) | 24.79, (1) | 0.001 |
Aged 75 years and over (n = 1105) | 214 (53.9) | 891 (40.5) | ||
Female | 225/397 (56.7) | 1190/2201 (54.1) | 0.92 (1) | 0.340 |
Basic education only | 269/386 (69.7) | 1349/2172 (62.1) | 8.10 (1) | 0.004 |
State pension only | 144/388 (37.1) | 729/2166 (33.7) | 1.75 (1) | 0.190 |
Depressed mood | 117/392 (29.8) | 305/2193 (13.9) | 61.85 (1) | 0.001 |
Impaired memory | 71/369 (19.2) | 183/2139 (8.6) | 39.48 (1) | 0.001 |
Two or more chronic conditions | 242/386 (62.7) | 1256/2153 (58.3) | 2.57 (1) | 0.110 |
Takes four or more medicines | 126/374 (33.7) | 713/2138 (33.3) | 0.02 (1) | 0.900 |
Difficulty in one or more BADLsa | 53/393 (13.5) | 98/2175 (4.5) | 48.50 (1) | 0.001 |
Difficulty in one or more IADLsb | 197/379 (52.0) | 775/2123 (36.5) | 32.41 (1) | 0.001 |
Decreased functioning | 176/366 (48.1) | 791/2086 (37.9) | 13.48 (1) | 0.001 |
Multiple falls in last 12 months | 50/368 (13.6) | 229/2133 (10.7) | 2.57 (1) | 0.110 |
Activity limitation through fear of falling | 142/380 (37.4) | 505/2164 (23.3) | 33.56 (1) | 0.001 |
Fair and/or poor healthc | 143/397 (36.0) | 500/2201 (22.7) | 33.95 (1) | 0.001 |
Stayed overnight in hospital more than once in last 12 monthsd | 20/397 (5.0) | 80/2201 (3.6) | 1.40 (1) | 0.240 |
Visited a doctor more than six times in last 12 monthsd | 84/397 (21.2) | 508/2201 (23.1) | 0.71 (1) | 0.400 |
At risk of hospital admissiond | 154/397 (38.8) | 874/2201 (39.7) | 0.12 (1) | 0.730 |
Living alone | 190/387 (49.1) | 652/2176 (30.0) | 54.5 (1) | 0.001 |
↵a BADL = basic activities of daily living, self-perceived difficulty or need for assistance with: feeding, moving from bed to chair, getting to the toilet, dressing, and bathing).
↵b IADL = instrumental activities of daily living, self-perceived difficulty or need for assistance with: using the telephone, driving or using public transport, shopping, preparing meals, housework, DIY, laundry, taking medication, and managing money.
↵c Out of: excellent, good, fair, poor.
↵d From the HRA–O questionnaire. df = degrees of freedom.