| Percentage weight change | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ≥5% loss | 0 to <5% loss | Gain | |
| Participants, nb | 27 | 50 | 26 |
| Weight change, %, mean (SD) | −7.45 (1.88) | −2.53 (1.53) | 2.54 (1.90) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | |||
| Baseline, mean (SD) | 136.6 (15.86) | 131.1 (18.97) | 135.5 (24.84) |
| Final, mean (SD) | 126.2 (13.87) | 126.6 (15.51) | 133.2 (19.11) |
| Difference (95% CI) | −10.0 (−15.5 to −4.5) | −4.5 (−8.8 to −0.24) | −2.4 (−11.4 to 6.6) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | |||
| Baseline, mean (SD) | 83.4 (9.10) | 77.4 (10.41) | 83.5 (10.04) |
| Final, mean (SD) | 77.3 (7.33) | 76.0 (9.86) | 81.8 (8.62) |
| Difference (95% CI) | −6.2 (−8.9 to −3.4) | −1.4 (−4.0 to 1.2) | −1.6 (−6.2 to 2.9) |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | |||
| Baseline, mean (SD) | 5.17 (0.51) | 5.41 (1.14) | 5.24 (0.75) |
| Final, mean (SD) | 5.09 (0.57) | 5.21 (1.08) | 5.41 (0.90) |
| Difference (95% CI) | −0.08 (−0.28 to 0.11) | −0.20 (−0.42 to 0.03) | 0.17 (−0.21 to 0.56) |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | |||
| Baseline, mean (SD) | 5.21 (1.26) | 4.91 (1.15) | 4.84 (1.12) |
| Final, mean (SD) | 4.99 (1.11) | 5.10 (1.09) | 4.80 (1.26) |
| Difference (95% CI) | −0.23 (−0.61 to 0.15) | 0.19 (−0.08 to 0.47) | −0.04 (−0.42 to 0.35) |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | |||
| Baseline, mean (SD) | 1.31 (0.40) | 1.40 (0.34) | 1.30 (0.41) |
| Final, mean (SD) | 1.36 (0.33) | 1.41 (0.39) | 1.33 (0.44) |
| Difference (95% CI) | 0.05 (−0.07 to 0.17) | 0.01 (−0.05 to 0.07) | 0.04 (−0.09 to 0.16) |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | |||
| Baseline, mean (SD) | 2.89 (0.97) | 2.99 (0.93) | 2.81 (0.85) |
| Final, mean (SD) | 2.86 (1.05) | 3.10 (0.98) | 3.01 (1.17) |
| Difference (95% CI) | −0.04 (−0.49 to 0.41) | 0.11 (−0.11 to 0.33) | 0.21 (−0.18 to 0.60) |
| Total/HDL cholesterol ratio | |||
| Baseline, mean (SD) | 4.08 (1.23) | 3.84 (0.99) | 4.13 (1.60) |
| Final, mean (SD) | 3.86 (1.17) | 3.89 (1.02) | 3.99 (1.27) |
| Difference (95% CI) | −0.22 (−0.59 to 0.16) | 0.06 (−0.15 to 0.26) | −0.14 (−0.64 to 0.36) |
| Fasting triglyceride, mmol/L | |||
| Baseline, mean (SD) | 1.69 (0.65) | 1.52 (0.95) | 1.74 (1.21) |
| Final, mean (SD) | 1.42 (0.71) | 1.65 (1.73) | 1.61 (0.81) |
| Difference (95% CI) | −0.26 (−0.57 to 0.04) | 0.13 (−0.33 to 0.58) | −0.12 (−0.40 to 0.16) |
a Negative differences represent a favourable outcome.
↵b Number of participants varies for different variables due to missing data. HDL = high-density lipoprotein. LDL = low-density lipoprotein.