Psychological and knowledge-based outcomes and acceptability of included studies
| Author, year | Intervention | Outcome measure | Participants analysed | Results | Aceptability | notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mathews et al21 | Health clinic one-to-one CHD service with optional community activities | Psychological motivational stage of change in relation to CHD and diabetes control precontemplation/contemplation/preparation/action/maintenance) | 137 | Psychological motivational stagea (a) % increased motivational stage: +50 (b) % decreased motivational stage: -21 (c) % showed no change: 29 | Qualitative research showed project was highly valued, reported elsewhere26 | N/A |
| Rush et al22 | Group physical activity and diet education sessions | N/A | 20 female 21 male | N/A | Anecdotally reported that changes were adopted by others in the community group and wider families | N/A |
| Williams and Sultan23 | Group healthyeating and exercise classes | N/A | 13 | N/A | Nine women recommended N/the group to friends. Link worker and word of mouth were the most frequent recruitment methods. Women attended for weight loss and social reasons. Barriers to attendance included reluctance to walk to the group (winter months time, fear of walking alone) and prioritising the needs of other family members. Exercise was a popular aspect of group. Those with higher BMIs were more likely to say they would reattend. The bilingual link worker was particularly valued as seven of the 13 women wished to be interviewed in their own language. | N/A |
| Hawthorne and Tomlinson24 | Flashcard, one-to-one diabetes health education | Psychological (1) finds it hard to refuse food at social events (%) (2) can choose correct food at weddings (%) Knowledge(1) agrees importance of diet to diabetes prevention (%) (2) correctly identifies different food values (%) | 106 interventions 86 controls | Psychological (1) finds it hard to refuse food at social events: % change intervention group: +10, baseline 73, % change control group: +5, baseline 69 (2) can choose correct food at weddings: % change intervention group: +14, baseline 64, % change control group: -1.9, baseline 63 Knowledge (1) agrees the importance of diet to diabetes prevention: % change intervention group: +20, baseline 74, % change control group: +6, baseline 76 (2) correctly identifies different food values: % change intervention group: +20 (ANOVA-adjusted pre-post difference 11.8) baseline 51, % change control group +1.5, baseline 58 | Most participants rated the intervention positively, liked the bilingual link worker's sensitive approach, valued the information, and felt empowered to control diabetes. Two patients wanted videos or audiotapes; some wanted to keep the flashcards to use when shopping | Details of ‘different food values’ not reported P-value reported |
P< 0.01. CHD = coronary heart disease. N/A = not applicable.