Number (%) of new diseases identified, diseases investigated, and medical services used, with pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals, and odds ratios for each included study.
| Health screening (n = 407) | No health screening (n = 388) | OR (95% CI) | OR; Cooper 20065 | OR; Lennox 20076 | OR; Lennox 20097 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endocrine | ||||||
| Thyroid test performed | 94 (23) | 61 (16) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.4) | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.0 |
| Thyroid disease | 14 (3) | 12 (3) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.7) | n/c | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| Diabetes | 4 (1) | 6 (2) | 0.8 (0.2 to 3.8) | n/c | n/c | 0.8 |
| Osteoporosis investigation | 9 (2) | 3 (1) | 2.9 (0.8 to 10.8) | n/c | 3.8 | 1.5 |
| Osteoporosis | 2 (0) | 4 (1) | 0.5 (0.1 to 2.6) | n/c | n/c | 0.6 |
| Neuropsychiatric and behavioural | ||||||
| Psychiatric consultation | 46 (11) | 43 (11) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.6) | 2.3 | 0.9 | 0.7 |
| Psychiatric disorder | 17 (4) | 10 (3) | 1.8 (0.8 to 4.0) | 3.2 | n/c | 0.6 |
| Epilepsy | 8 (2) | 8 (2) | 0.9 (0.3 to 3.0) | n/c | n/c | 0.2 |
| Challenging behaviour | 11 (3) | 13 (3) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.8) | 3.1 | 1.2 | 0.3 |
| Other systems | ||||||
| Hypertension | 7 (2) | 3 (1) | 2.4 (0.6 to 9.5) | 6.7 | n/c | n/c |
| Heart disease | 8 (2) | 4 (1) | 1.9 (0.6 to 6.5) | n/c | 0.9 | 1.9 |
| Reflux disease | 13 (3) | 7 (2) | 1.9 (0.7 to 4.8) | 4.6 | 3.8 | n/c |
| Constipation identified | 14 (3) | 9 (2) | 1.6 (0.7 to 3.9) | 1.6 | 0.9 | 2.0 |
| Skin neoplasm | 3 (1) | 5 (1) | 0.6 (0.1 to 2.4) | n/c | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Other diseases | 42 (10) | 18 (5) | 3.1 (1.6 to 6.1) | 4.5 | 3.3 | 1.0 |
n/c = not calculable as no events in one group.