Quality of life, measured by SF-12, EQ-5D and DLTV questionnaires, for visually impaired (VI) and control (C) groups
| Quality of life measure | Visually impaired (n = 156), mean (SD) | Control (n = 158), mean (SD) | Difference in mean scores (VI–C) (95% CI) | Age-adjusted difference in mean scores (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SF–12 | ||||
| Mental health component | 48.2(9.6) | 52.7(8.0) | –4.5 (–6.5 to –2.5) | –5.3 (–7.2 to –3.3) |
| Physical component | 39.3 (11.0) | 43.0 (10.5) | –3.7 (–6.1 to –1.3) | –3.3 (–7.2 to –3.3) |
| EQ–5D | ||||
| Mobility | 1.37 (0.48) | 1.25 (0.44) | 0.11 (0.01 to 0.21) | 0.09 (–0.02 to 0.79) |
| Self–care | 1.15 (0.40) | 1.05 (0.22) | 0.10 (0.03 to 0.17) | 0.08 (–0.01 to 0.06) |
| Ability to perform usual activities | 1.62 (0.61) | 1.29 (0.50) | 0.33 (0.21 to 0.45) | 0.33 (0.21 to 0.46) |
| Pain | 1.31 (0.49) | 1.18 (0.40) | 0.13 (0.03 to 0.23) | 0.14 (0.04 to 0.24) |
| Anxiety | 1.19 (0.39) | 1.09 (0.31) | 0.10 (0.02 to 0.18) | 0.13 (0.05 to 0.21) |
| DLTV | ||||
| DIM 1a | 26.5 (17.1) | 97.3 (3.4) | –70.8(–73.6 to –68.1) | |
| DIM 2b | 66.3 (22.9) | 100 (0.3) | –36.7(–40.3 to –33.1) | |
DLTV = Daily Living Tasks associated with Vision. SD = standard deviation. SF = Short Form. EQ = EuroQol.
↵a DIM 1: dimension 1, relates to tasks that require optimal visual acuity (for example, watching TV, distinguishing a person’s features across the street, reading normal-sized newspaper print).
↵b DIM 2: dimension 2, relates to tasks less dependent on optimal visual acuity (for example, distinguishing a person’s features at arm’s length, reading newspaper headlines).