Study | MUPS | Time period | Summary of association | Factors adjusted for in multivariable analyses | Strength of association | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balague et al, 199527 | NLBP in children and parents | Lifetime | No significant association was found between parental reported history of treated NLBP and children’s lifetime history of NLBP | Child sex, age, walk time, sports activity, negative affect, positive affect, siblings’ LBP | Crude OR = 1.09, 95% CI was not reported; adjusted OR was not reported | |||
Balague et al, 199429 | NLBP in children and parents | Lifetime | Children of parents who had been treated for NLBP were more likely to report a history of NLBP themselves | Child age, sex, competitive sports activity, TV watched (hours/week) | Crude OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.42 to 2.48; adjusted OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.56 to 2.83 | |||
Campo et al, 200734 | Children consulting with FAP and maternal MUPS | Lifetime | No significant association was found between child GP consultations for FAP and maternal MUPS | Maternal age, maternal psychiatric (anxiety and depressive) disorders, and family intact (child lives with biological parents) | For IBS: crude OR = 3.9, 95% CI = 1.5 to 10.3; adjusted OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 0.6 to 6.1; for migraine: crude OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.1 to 5.3, adjusted OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.6 to 3.7 | |||
Cardol et al, 200635 | MUPS in children and parents | 1 year | There was an association in GP consultation frequency for headache and abdominal pain between children and their parents compared to other families in which children consulted for physical trauma or chronic disease; association was reported as percentage of shared variance in consultation frequency between families | Child age and sex and GP practice | Percentage of variation in consultation frequency attributed to shared family factors (95% CI): | |||
Family members | Headache | Abdominal pain | Minor ailments | |||||
Mother/son | 20.2 (16.4 to 24.1) | 34.1 (31.0 to 37.1) | 19 (18.0 to 20.0) | |||||
Mother/daughter | 48.4 (44.5 to 2.3) | 34.7 (31.7 to 37.7) | 23.2 (22.1 to 24.3) | |||||
Father/son | 4.7 (2.7 to 7.2) | 17.1 14.4 to (19.8) | 8.8 (8.0 to 9.7) | |||||
Father/daughter | 14.4 (11.1 to 18.1) | 6.9 (5.1 to 8.9) | 4.9 (4.3 to 5.6) | |||||
Craig et al, 200224 | MUPS in children and mothers | 3 months | Children of somatising mothers had significantly more GP consultations for MUPS compared to children of control mothers | Child age and sex, child emotional or behavioural problems, mother’s exposure to adversity in her own childhood, and maternal psychiatric disorders | Adjusted P<0.001 | |||
Levy et al, 200423 | GI and non-GI symptoms in children and maternal IBS diagnosis | 3 years | Children of mothers with IBS had significantly more GP consultations for GI and non-GI symptoms than controls | Child age and sex, child sense of competence, child coping style, child psychological symptoms, and maternal stress, and psychological symptoms | For GI symptoms, crude P = 0.005 and adjusted P = 0.006; for non-GI symptoms, crude and adjusted P = 0.001 | |||
Levy et al, 200036 | Children’s GI symptoms and parental IBS diagnosis | 1 year | Children of parents with IBS had significantly more GP consultations for GI symptoms compared to control children and parents | Child age and sex, parent age and sex, parental healthcare use for non-GI disorders | Crude OR not reported, adjusted OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.62 to 2.98 | |||
Little et al, 200122 | MUPS in children and parents | 1 year | GP consultations for MUPS in high-attending children were significantly associated with parental GP consultations for MUPS | Child sex; parental perceived health of the child, willingness to tolerate child symptoms, health anxiety, and council house tenancy | Crude OR not reported, adjusted OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.70 |
FAP = functional abdominal pain. GI = gastrointestinal. IBS = irritable bowel syndrome. LBP = lower back pain. MUPS = medically unexplained physical symptoms. NLBP = non-specific low back pain. OR = odds ratio.