Crude and adjusteda odds ratios and approximated risk ratiosb for dispensing prescribed antibiotics, according to prescribers’ intervention group (multilevelc logistic regression analysis, intervention period)
| Intervention | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Educational intervention alone | 0.84 (0.66 to 1.07) | 0.87 (0.69 to 1.09) | 0.230 | 0.99 (0.96 to 1.01) |
| Pop-up and educational intervention | 0.75 (0.61 to 0.91) | 0.72 (0.60 to 0.86) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.94 to 0.98) |
↵a Adjusted for GP sex, practice location, practice type, specialist status, age, patient encounters/year, antibiotics prescribing rate, patient’s type of RTI, sex, age, and whether the patient was on GP’s list.
↵b Approximated from the adjusted odds ratios using a standard correction method.21
↵c Adjusted for clustering by random intercepts at GP and CME group level. OR = odds ratio. RT = respiratory tract. RTI = respiratory tract infection. URTI = upper respiratory tract infection.