Clinical area | Total number of guidelines included | CPR recommended (%) | Named CPRs recommended (number of guidelines) | Other CPRs recommended not in clinical domain |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardiovascular disease (primary prevention) | 45 | 30 (67) | Risk scores derived from the Framingham Heart Study (21);25 Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) tool (5) ;26 UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Risk Engine (4);46 Risk stratification system of the 2003 European Society of Cardiology (3);47 CHADS or CHADS2 score (2);43 Cardiovascular Life Expectancy model (2);48 Heartscore (1);26 Reynolds Risk Score (1);49 ASSIGN (1);50 Risk stratification system 1999 World Health Organization guidelines (1).51 | None |
Transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke (diagnosis and management) | 16 | 10 (63) | ABCD or ABCD2 (5);41,52 Framingham risk score (1);53 FAST (Facial weakness, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to act) (6);54 Rule Out Stroke in the Emergency Room (ROSIER) (5); 55 Melbourne acute stroke scale (MASS) (1).56 | For depression (GHQ12, PHQ9 and SAD-Q), for malnutrition (MUST) and the Glasgow Coma Scale 19,29,57–59 |
Diabetes mellitus (Screening, risk assessment or diagnosis) | 20 | 4 (20) | Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) (3); 60 Diabetes Risk Calculator (1).61 | For cardiovascular risk assessment (Framingham risk score) 25 |
Osteoporosis (Fracture risk assessment) | 25 | 9 (38) | WHO/FRAX algorithm (5);62 Osteoporosis Risk Assessment Index (2); 13 Simple Calculated Osteoporosis Risk Estimation questionnaire (1); 63 Two ultrasound indices; the stiffness index and the quantitative ultrasound index (1). | None |
Lower limb fractures (Diagnosis and management) | 20 | 8 (40) | Ottawa Ankle Rule (2); 33 Ottawa Knee rule (4);34 Meniscal Pathology Composite score (1);64 Function Score of De Bie (1) 4. 65 | None |
Acute childhood infections a (Diagnosis and management) | 73 | 12 (16) | Tonsillitis: Centor score (3);3 Pneumonia: CURB-65 (5);17 Pneumonia Severity Index/Patient Outcome Research Team (PORT) (5); 66 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (1); 67 Meningitis: Glasgow meningococcal septicaemia prognostic score (2); 68 Bacterial meningitis score (2); 69 Hoen’s software (1); 70 Meningitest (1).71 | Glasgow Coma Scale 19 |
Breast cancer (Risk assessment, screening and referral) | 32 | 16 (51) | Original or modified Gail model (5); 72 Claus model (4); 73 BRCAPRO (4); 74 Mammaprint tool (3); 75 Oncotype Diagnosis Recurrence score (3); 76 Adjuvant Risk score (3); 77 Nottingham Prognostic Index (1); 78 Manchester Score (1); 79 Risk Assessment in Genetics (RAGS) Tool (1); 37 Family History Risk Assessment Tool (1); 80 Tyrer Tool (1). 81 | None |
Depression (Diagnosis and management) | 12 | 8 (67) | Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 (4); 29 Two-item screener (4); 28 Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (3); 82 Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (2); 32 Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) (2); 83 Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Inventory (EPDI) (1); 11 Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QID-SR) (1); 84 Cornell Scales for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) (1); 85 Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMS) (1); 86 Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (1); 31 Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale (1); 87 Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (1); 88 Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) (1).89 | CAGE-AID 90 |
↵a For the acute childhood infections of otitis media, bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, and influenza, no CPR recommendations were found in reviewed guidelines.