NSAID prescribing rates among 12 011 patients with CKD
| Ethnic group | n | % prescribed NSAIDs in past year | % in 90th decile of NSAID DDD | Latest eGFR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 12 011 | 11.1 | 1.3 | 47.2 |
| Ethnic group | ||||
| White | 6315 | 11.1 | 1.8 | 47.5 |
| South Asian | 3308 | 11.0 | 0.8 | 46.9 |
| Black | 1611 | 10.6 | 0.7 | 46.3 |
| Other | 443 | 12.4 | 1.1 | 48.1 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 6809 | 12.3 | 1.7 | 47.3 |
| Male | 5202 | 9.4 | 0.9 | 47.1 |
| Age | ||||
| 18–49 | 861 | 16.6 | 1.4 | 47.5 |
| 50–59 | 1430 | 16.7 | 2.5 | 49.5 |
| 60–69 | 2351 | 14.2 | 1.9 | 49.0 |
| 70–79 | 3954 | 9.6 | 1.1 | 47.1 |
| ≥80 | 3415 | 6.9 | 0.6 | 45.1 |
| CKD stage (based on latest eGFR) | ||||
| Stage 1 | 22 | 13.6 | 0 | 97.5 |
| Stage 2 | 1083 | 14.2 | 2.4 | 65.8 |
| Stage 3 | 9639 | 11.5 | 1.3 | 48.6 |
| Stage 4 | 897 | 5.5 | 0.5 | 24.0 |
| Stage 5 | 362 | 3.0 | 0.3 | 8.7 |
| Comorbidity status | ||||
| Proteinuria positive | 5022 | 8.7 | 0.7 | 43.6 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 2881 | 7.8 | 0.7 | 45.7 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 4869 | 9.9 | 1.1 | 45.9 |
| Stroke/TIA | 774 | 7.5 | 0.8 | 45 |
| Hypertension | 9032 | 10.3 | 1.3 | 45.1 |
| Arthritis | 4209 | 14.1 | 2.4 | 47.5 |
| Chronic pain | 864 | 16.6 | 2.0 | 47.7 |
| PPI (as proxy for dyspepsia) | 4888 | 14.2 | 1.9 | 46.5 |
| Comorbidity count, additional conditions | ||||
| None | 1188 | 13.5 | 1.3 | 51.9 |
| 1 | 3307 | 10.9 | 1.1 | 47.8 |
| 2 | 4159 | 11.2 | 1.4 | 46.7 |
| ≥3 | 3357 | 10.2 | 1.5 | 45.5 |
eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate. NSAID = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. PPI = proton-pump inhibitor. TIA = transient ischaemic attack.