Test | Reference standard | Patients, n (studies, n) | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | LR+ (95% CI) | LR− (95% CI) | AUC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radiography | AP | 1564 (9) | 0.85 (0.77 to 0.90) | 0.56 (0.38 to 0.73) | 2.01 (1.40 to 3.05) | 0.28 (0.19 to 0.39) | 0.820 |
Radiography | Imaging | 350 (3) | 0.80 (0.66 to 0.89) | 0.84 (0.31 to 0.98) | 9.37 (1.27 to 39.6) | 0.27 (0.16 to 0.48) | 0.841 |
Radiography | Any | 1914 (12) | 0.84 (0.78 to 0.89) | 0.63 (0.44 to 0.78) | 2.36 (1.57 to 3.68) | 0.27 (0.20 to 0.34) | 0.836 |
Radiographya | Any | 1592 (9) | 0.82 (0.74 to 0.88) | 0.69 (0.45 to 0.86) | 2.96 (1.51 to 5.7) | 0.27 (0.19 to 0.37) | 0.84 |
Ultrasound, A mode | AP | 552 (4) | 0.79 (0.52 to 0.93) | 0.54 (0.36 to 0.71) | 1.71 (1.42 to 2.08) | 0.41 (0.19 to 0.68) | 0.679 |
Ultrasound, B mode | AP | 262 (2) | 0.53 (0.03 to 0.98) | 0.69 (0.61 to 0.77) | 1.64 (0.10 to 3.2) | 0.69 (0.03 to 1.36) | 0.693 |
Ultrasound, A mode | Imaging | 713 (6) | 0.62 (0.55 to 0.69) | 0.91 (0.79 to 0.96) | 7.64 (2.95 to 17.1) | 0.42 (0.32 to 0.54) | 0.702 |
Ultrasound, B mode | Imaging | 351 (4) | 0.75 (0.67 to 0.81) | 0.98 (0.94 to 0.99) | 38.4 (12.7 to 88.3) | 0.26 (0.20 to 0.34) | 0.897 |
Ultrasoundb | Any | 1060 (8) | 0.68 (0.45 to 0.85) | 0.72 (0.50 to 0.87) | 2.58 (1.4 to 4.6) | 0.46 (0.22 to 0.73) | 0.76 |
Limited CT scan | CT | (2) | 0.88 (0.71 to 0.96) | 0.89 (0.77 to 0.95) | 9.01 (3.77 to 18.3) | 0.15 (0.05 to 0.33) | 0.895 |
↵a Radiography, excluding studies at high risk of bias.
↵b Ultrasound, excluding studies at high risk of bias.
AP = antral puncture showing purulent fluid. AUC = area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. CT = computed tomography. LR+ = positive likelihood ratio. LR− = negative likelihood ratio.