Prognostic outcomes in patients with, and without, antibiotic-resistant lower respiratory tract infection
| Outcome | Resistant to antibiotic, n= 54a | Sensitive to antibiotic, n= 50 | Crude analysis | Adjusted analysisb | Adjusted analysis P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to resolution, in days, of symptoms rated ‘moderately bad or worse’ | 7 (5–11)c | 9 (5–19)c | 1.24 (0.82 to 1.88)d | 1.27 (0.67 to 2.44)d | 0.464 |
| Patient recorded symptom severity score on days 2–4 after consultation (7-point scale from 0 = ‘normal/not affected’, 6 = ‘as bad as it could be’ | 1.75 (0.94)e | 2.18 (1.21)e | −0.43 (−0.85 to −0.01)f | −0.48 (−1.17 to 0.21)f | 0.172 |
| Duration of symptoms until complete resolution in days | 14 (10–24)c | 15 (9–28)c | 1.15 (0.70 to 1.88)d | 1.32 (0.61 to 2.90)d | 0.483 |
| Worsening of illness (new or worsening symptoms, hospital admission) | 9/54 (17)g | 18/50 (36)g | 0.36 (0.14 to 0.89)h | 0.31 (0.07 to 1.41)h | 0.129 |
| Duration of interference with normal activities or work, in days | 6 (2–8)c | 7 (3–12)c | 1.46 (0.97 to 2.21)d | 1.67 (0.85 to 3.28)d | 0.136 |
↵a Defined as resistant to at least one tested antibiotic.
↵b Adjusted for age (for each year increase), current smoking status, comorbidity, cough duration before index consultation, and bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae).
↵c Median (interquartile range).
↵d Hazard ratio (95% CI).
↵e Mean (standard deviation).
↵f Difference (95% CI).
↵g n (%).
↵h Odds ratio (95% CI). CI = confidence interval.