Table 1.

Study characteristics

Study	Location	Score	Year	Setting	Age, years	Sample	Prevalence, %	Thresholds	Reference standard
Alper²⁴	Bursa, Turkey	Centor	May 2007 to Apr 2008	Emek Family Practice Centre	7–86	282	11.4	0,1,2,3,4	Throat culture
Fine¹¹^,¹²	26 states in US	Centor/McIsaac	1 Sep 2006 to 1 Dec 2008	Around 581 minute clinics in CVS chain across 26 states	3–≥55	206 870	27.1	0,1,2,3,4 −1,0,1,2,3,4,5	DNA probe and throat culture for RADT negatives, RADT for test positives
Little²⁵	UK	Centor	Jan 2007 to Oct 2008	General practices	≥5	1086	33.7	0,1,2,3,4	Throat culture
Marin Cañada²⁶	Madrid, Spain (Spanish)	Centor	14 Feb 2005 to 12 May 2005	San Fernando 2 Health Centre	14–81	140	24.2	0,1,2,3,4	Throat culture
Lindbæk²⁷	Stokke & Kongsberg, Norway	Centor	Apr 2000 to Jun 2002	1 general practice in Stokke and 1 in Kongsberg	Children and adults	300	42.0	0,1,2,3,4	Throat culture
Atlas²⁸	Massachusetts, US	Centor	1 Jul 2002 to 30 Jun 2003	2 primary care centres in Massachusetts General Hospital	Adults	148	25.7	0,2,3,4	Throat culture
Chazan²⁹	Nazareth, Israel	Centor	Dec 1999 to Mar 2000	Primary care clinics of the Clalit Health Services	16–80	204	24.5	0,2,4	Throat culture
Seppälä³⁰	Turku, Finland	Centor	Jan 1986 to Mar 1986	Private health centre Pulssi	15–62	106	4.7	0,3,4	Throat culture
Regueras De Lorenzo³¹	Asturias, Spain (Spanish)	Centor	Jan 2008 to May 2010	5 primary care centres	2–14	192	38.5	0,3	Throat culture
Dagnelie²	Utrecht, Netherlands	Centor	1990 to 1992	53 GPs in general practice	4–60	558	32.8	0,3	Throat culture
Stefaniuk³²	Warsaw, Poland	McIsaac	Mar 2014 to May 2014	Orlik General Practice	1–≥40	96	44.8	1,2,3,4,5	Throat culture
Mistik³³	Kayseri, Turkey	McIsaac	Jun 2013 to Jun 2014	Bunyamin Somyurek Family Medicine Centre	3–85	624	12.7	−1,0,1,2,3,4,5	Throat culture
Dunne³⁴	Melbourne, Australia	McIsaac	Winter/spring of 2011 and 2012	3 general practices & ED in tertiary hospital	3–72	127	18.9	−1,1,2,3,4	Throat culture and PCR
Tanz³⁵	Chicago and Cincinnati, US	McIsaac	15 Nov 2004 to 15 May 2005	6 community-based paediatric offices	3–18	1848	29.9	0,1,2,3,4,5	Throat swab culture, 6 had RADT
Flores Mateo³⁶	Barcelona, Spain (Spanish)	McIsaac	Mar 2008 to May 2009	2 primary care centres in Castelldefels	1–14	211	34.1	0,3,4,5	Throat culture
McIsaac³⁷	Ontario, Canada	McIsaac	Oct 1998 and Mar 1999	97 family physicians from 49 communities	Children and adults	580	17.2	−1,1,2,3,4	Throat culture
McIsaac⁶	Toronto, Canada	McIsaac	Dec 1995 to Feb 1997	University-affiliated family medicine centre	3–76	503	12.9	−1,1,2,3,4	Throat culture

ED = emergency department. PCR = polymerase chain reaction. RADT = rapid antigen detection test.