Variable | Costs, GBP | Antibiotics, % | 4-hour target, % | Inpatient, % | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GP group | ED group | All | P-value | GP group | ED group | All | P-value | GP group | ED group | All | P-value | GP group | ED group | All | P-value | |
Working diagnosis | ||||||||||||||||
Fever, n = 1926 | 93.78 | 69.76 | 86.69 | <0.001 | 27.1 | 16.7 | 23.5 | <0.001 | 98.5 | 87.5 | 94.6 | <0.001 | 1.1 | 4.5 | 2.3 | <0.001 |
Infectious disease, n = 1889 | 92.18 | 123.29 | 103.94 | <0.001 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 0.578 | 98.7 | 89.1 | 94.7 | <0.001 | 0.7 | 9.9 | 4.4 | <0.001 |
Gastrointestinal, n = 2105 | 89.49 | 120.77 | 104.76 | <0.001 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.891 | 98.8 | 86.2 | 94.4 | <0.001 | 1.0 | 8.6 | 3.9 | <0.001 |
Respiratory n = 3146 | 87.52 | 89.40 | 88.16 | 0.897 | 16.2 | 10.2 | 14.3 | <0.001 | 98.9 | 86.3 | 94.3 | <0.001 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 2.7 | <0.001 |
Local infection, n = 866 | 92.97 | 88.26 | 91.34 | 0.521 | 40.3 | 39.9 | 40.2 | 0.978 | 98.4 | 86.4 | 93.9 | <0.001 | 0.7 | 4.1 | 2.0 | <0.001 |
ENT, n = 906 | 86.78 | 111.90 | 92.30 | <0.001 | 41.5 | 35.7 | 40.1 | 0.298 | 97.8 | 86.8 | 95.0 | <0.001 | 0.0 | 2.8 | 0.7 | <0.001 |
Age | ||||||||||||||||
<3 months, n = 932 | 99.49 | 242.54 | 152.88 | <0.001 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 0.947 | 99.2 | 87.9 | 95.2 | <0.001 | 1.2 | 14.3 | 6.2 | <0.001 |
3–6 months, n = 829 | 135.55 | 196.38 | 162.38 | <0.001 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 0.935 | 98.5 | 90.1 | 95.2 | <0.001 | 2.3 | 7.1 | 4.5 | <0.001 |
6–12 months, n = 1991 | 101.04 | 95.29 | 100.60 | <0.001 | 13.1 | 8.6 | 11.5 | 0.012 | 98.4 | 89.5 | 94.4 | <0.001 | 1.6 | 7.8 | 4.2 | <0.001 |
1–3 years, n = 4956 | 99.83 | 116.47 | 109.70 | <0.001 | 18.2 | 11.5 | 15.7 | <0.001 | 98.6 | 87.6 | 94.2 | <0.001 | 1.1 | 7.1 | 3.6 | <0.001 |
4–10 years, n = 3191 | 118.36 | 130.14 | 132.08 | <0.001 | 16.8 | 13.4 | 15.5 | 0.037 | 98.6 | 89.5 | 94.6 | <0.001 | 1.4 | 5.7 | 3.3 | <0.001 |
≥1 years, n = 1200 | 115.39 | 238.72 | 157.93 | <0.001 | 13.9 | 10.4 | 12.9 | 0.07 | 98.5 | 86.0 | 93.8 | <0.001 | 1.6 | 7.7 | 3.9 | <0.001 |
Deprivation quintile | ||||||||||||||||
1 (most deprived), n = 8436 | 111.56 | 150.61 | 126.23 | <0.001 | 15.4 | 10.3 | 13.5 | <0.001 | 98.6 | 87.3 | 94.3 | 0.005 | 1.4 | 7.8 | 3.8 | <0.001 |
2, n = 1426 | 108.43 | 150.48 | 124.33 | <0.001 | 16.6 | 11.5 | 14.7 | 0.009 | 99.4 | 88.6 | 95.4 | <0.001 | 1.2 | 8.9 | 4.2 | 0.003 |
3, n = 1337 | 94.17 | 170.70 | 124.10 | <0.001 | 14.8 | 11.0 | 13.3 | 0.047 | 98.3 | 88.8 | 94.6 | <0.001 | 1.7 | 7.7 | 4.0 | <0.001 |
4, n = 709 | 104.17 | 92.69 | 99.98 | <0.001 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 0.921 | 98.2 | 88.9 | 94.8 | <0.001 | 1.5 | 5.7 | 3.1 | <0.001 |
5 (least deprived), n = 314 | 115.55 | 189.99 | 141.29 | <0.001 | 14.9 | 17.3 | 15.7 | 0.582 | 97.6 | 89.1 | 94.7 | <0.001 | 1.4 | 10.9 | 4.7 | <0.001 |
a Significance determined via Mann–Whitney U test. ED = emergency department. ENT = ear, nose, and throat. GBP = Great British pound.