Exposure | N, No ACS | N, ACS | Crude OR (95% CI)a | Adjusted OR (95% CI)a | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | No CSI | 57 763 | 18 | -ref- | -ref- |
All | CSI | 3068 | 7 | 7.32 (2.81 to 19.11) | 6.62 (2.52 to 17.36) |
Aged<65 years | No CSI | 19 407 | 2 | -ref- (P= 0.03) | -ref- (P= 0.03) |
Aged<65 years | CSI | 633 | 1 | 15.33 (1.39 to 168.75) | 15.49 (1.40 to 171.65) |
Aged ≥65 years | No CSI | 38 356 | 16 | -ref- | -ref- |
Aged ≥65 years | CSI | 2435 | 6 | 5.91 (2.07 to 16.83) | 5.95 (2.10 to 16.81) |
Female | No CSI | 38 359 | 7 | -ref- | -ref- |
Female | CSI | 2121 | 3 | 7.75 (2.00 to 30.00) | 6.42 (1.72 to 23.89) |
Male | No CSI | 19 404 | 11 | -ref- | -ref- |
Male | CSI | 947 | 4 | 7.45 (1.95 to 28.44) | 6.67 (1.72 to 25.86) |
No IHD | No CSI | 46 363 | 3 | -ref- (P= 0.10) | -ref- (P= 0.07) |
No IHD | CSI | 2327 | 1 | 6.64 (0.69 to 63.87) | 6.7 (0.86 to 52.39) |
IHDb | No CSI | 11 400 | 15 | -ref- | -ref- |
IHDb | CSI | 741 | 6 | 6.15 (2.13 to 17.74) | 6.27 (2.15 to 18.29) |
No smoking | No CSI | 36 213 | 9 | -ref- | -ref- |
No smoking | CSI | 1913 | 5 | 10.52 (3.08 to 35.89) | 8.42 (2.49 to 28.44) |
Smokingb | No CSI | 21 550 | 9 | -ref- (P= 0.07) | -ref- (P= 0.08) |
Smokingb | CSI | 1155 | 2 | 4.15 (0.90 to 19.16) | 4.15 (0.85 to 20.41) |
No hyperlipidaemia | No CSI | 13 790 | 2 | -ref- (P= 0.05) | -ref- |
No hyperlipidaemia | CSI | 622 | 1 | 11.09 (1.01 to 121.85) | 9.03 (0.9 to 90.15) |
Hyperlipidaemiab | No CSI | 43 973 | 16 | -ref- | -ref- |
Hyperlipidaemiab | CSI | 2446 | 6 | 6.74 (2.37 to 19.21) | 6.22 (2.18 to 17.75) |
No HTN | No CSI | 30 092 | 5 | n/a | n/a |
No HTN | CSI | 1315 | 0 | n/a | n/a |
HTNb | No CSI | 27 671 | 13 | -ref- | -ref- |
HTNb | CSI | 1753 | 7 | 8.5 (3.12 to 23.15) | 8.46 (3.08 to 23.21) |
No obesity | No CSI | 44 910 | 11 | -ref- | -ref- |
No obesity | CSI | 2241 | 5 | 9.11 (2.76 to 30.07) | 7.72 (2.36 to 25.24) |
Obesityb | No CSI | 12 853 | 7 | -ref- (P= 0.06) | -ref- (P= 0.07) |
Obesityb | CSI | 827 | 2 | 4.44 (0.92 to 21.43) | 4.53 (0.90 to 22.7) |
No DM | No CSI | 44 405 | 11 | -ref- (P= 0.01) | -ref- (P= 0.02) |
No DM | CSI | 2320 | 3 | 5.22 (1.46 to 18.72) | 4.72 (1.28 to 17.32) |
DMb | No CSI | 13 358 | 7 | -ref- | -ref- |
DMb | CSI | 748 | 4 | 10.20 (2.48 to 41.94) | 9.55 (2.32 to 39.24) |
No CHF | No CSI | 56 224 | 16 | -ref- | -ref- |
No CHF | CSI | 2987 | 7 | 8.24 (3.11 to 21.79) | 7.52 (2.84 to 19.90) |
CHFb | No CSI | 1539 | 1539 | n/a | n/a |
CHFb | CSI | 81 | 0 | n/a | n/a |
<2 risk factors | No CSI | 12 912 | 1 | n/a | n/a |
<2 risk factors | CSI | 455 | 0 | n/a | n/a |
Any two risk factorsc | No CSI | 44 851 | 17 | -ref- | -ref- |
Any two risk factorsc | CSI | 2613 | 7 | 7.07 (2.69 to 18.57) | 6.92 (2.63 to 18.26) |
<3 risk factors | No CSI | 25 910 | 1 | n/a | n/a |
<3 risk factors | CSI | 1083 | 0 | n/a | n/a |
Any three risk factorsc | No CSI | 31 853 | 17 | -ref- | -ref- |
Any three risk factorsc | CSI | 1985 | 7 | 6.61 (2.51 to 17.37) | 6.76 (2.57 to 17.83) |
↵a All P-values are <0.001 unless specifically stated otherwise.
↵b Analysis was restricted to patients who were diagnosed with the condition at/before the index orthopaedic visit, as recorded by the Clalit Health Services chronic disease register.
↵c Analysis was restricted to patients diagnosed with any two or three of the above risk factors. ACS = acute coronary syndrome. CHF = congestive heart failure. CSI = corticosteroid injection. DM = diabetes mellitus. HTN = hypertension. IHD = ischaemic heart disease. OR = odds ratio.