Crude healthcare use and health outcomes of patients with T2DM and SMI (cases) and patients with T2DM and no SMI (controls)
| Overall | Cases | Controls | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participantsa | 9965 (100) | 2192 (22.0) | 7773 (78.0) |
| Primary care consultations per year | |||
| Overall | |||
| Mean (SD) | 11.72 (10.05) | 13.65 (10.07) | 11.18 (9.97) |
| Median (range) | 9.60 (0.00–365.30b) | 11.10 (0.00–113.00) | 9.20 (0.00–365.30b) |
| Primary care physicians | |||
| Mean (SD) | 7.32 (7.77) | 8.98 (7.83) | 6.85 (7.69) |
| Median (range) | 5.70 (0.00–365.30b) | 7.10 (0.00–91.30) | 5.30 (0.00–365.30b) |
| Practice nurses | |||
| Mean (SD) | 4.40 (5.29) | 4.67 (5.26) | 4.32 (5.30) |
| Median (range) | 3.30 (0.00–143.40) | 3.40 (0.00–68.30) | 3.20 (0.00–143.40) |
| Health checks per year | |||
| HbA1c | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.80 (1.16) | 1.78 (1.27) | 1.81 (1.13) |
| Median (range) | 1.70 (0.00–45.70) | 1.70 (0.00–28.10) | 1.70 (0.00–45.70) |
| BP | |||
| Mean (SD) | 3.01 (4.27) | 2.93 (2.49) | 3.03 (4.66) |
| Median (range) | 2.60 (0.00–365.30b) | 2.50 (0.00–52.20) | 2.60 (0.00–365.30b) |
| Total cholesterol | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.35 (0.86) | 1.38 (0.97) | 1.35 (0.82) |
| Median (range) | 1.30 (0.00–26.10) | 1.30 (0.00–26.10) | 1.30 (0.00–13.50) |
| BMI | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.98 (4.07) | 2.08 (1.95) | 1.95 (4.49) |
| Median (range) | 1.60 (0.00–365.30b) | 1.70 (0.00–30.40) | 1.60 (0.00–365.30b) |
| Macrovascular complications — MI, PVD, and stroke — combined | 868 (8.7) | 184 (8.4) | 684 (8.8) |
| MI | 344 (3.5) | 70 (3.2) | 274 (3.5) |
| PVD | 305 (3.1) | 58 (2.6) | 247 (3.2) |
| Stroke | 293 (2.9) | 72 (3.3) | 221 (2.8) |
| Angina | 324 (3.3) | 55 (2.5) | 269 (3.5) |
| Chronic IHD | 101 (1.0) | 17 (0.8) | 84 (1.1) |
| Hospital admissions for CVD per year, mean (SD) | |||
| Emergency | 0.03 (1.20) | 0.03 (0.25) | 0.02 (0.18) |
| Elective | 0.01 (0.15) | 0.01 (0.05) | 0.01 (0.16) |
| Angina (ICD-10 code: I20c) | 0.01 (0.06) | 0.01 (0.06) | 0.01 (0.07) |
| MI (ICD-10 codes: I21 and I22c) | 0.01 (0.17) | 0.01 (0.24) | 0.01 (0.15) |
| Chronic IHD (ICD-10 code: I25c) | 0.01 (0.15) | 0.01 (0.05) | 0.01 (0.17) |
| Stroke (ICD-10 codes: I60–I64c) | 0.01 (0.07) | 0.01 (0.08) | 0.01 (0.07) |
| Mortality | |||
| All-cause | 1384 (13.9) | 364 (16.6) | 1020 (13.1) |
| CVD | 511 (5.1) | 132 (6.0) | 379 (4.9) |
↵a Data presented as n (%) unless otherwise stated.
↵b High consultation and health-check rates reflect few consultations recorded over a short follow-up period.
↵c ICD-10 code(s) used to classify admission. BMI = body mass index. BP = blood pressure. CVD = cardiovascular disease. ICD-10 = International Classification of Diseases (10th revision). IHD = ischaemic heart disease. MI = myocardial infarction. PVD = peripheral vascular disease. SD = standard deviation. SMI = severe mental illness. T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus.