Baseline characteristics of the FORM-2C population (n = 745)
| Variable | Summary, n (%)a | Missing, n (%)a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 69.8 (9.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Sex | Female | 394 (52.9) | 3 (0.4) |
| Male | 348 (46.7) | ||
| Ethnicity | White | 719 (96.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Mixed ethnicity | 6 (0.8) | ||
| Asian | 10 (1.3) | ||
| Black | 5 (0.7) | ||
| Other | 5 (0.7) | ||
| Comorbidities in GP recordb | Hypertension | 429 (57.6) | n/a |
| Chronic kidney disease | 204 (27.4) | ||
| Diabetes | 164 (22.0) | ||
| History of urinary tract infection | 122 (16.4) | ||
| Cancer | 112 (15.0) | ||
| Thyroid disease | 89 (11.9) | ||
| Prostate disorders | 85 (11.4) | ||
| Ischaemic heart disease | 82 (11.0) | ||
| Atrial fibrillation | 54 (7.2) | ||
| Myocardial infarction | 44 (5.9) | ||
| Kidney stones | 40 (5.4) | ||
| Transient ischaemic attack | 28 (3.8) | ||
| Stroke | 19 (2.6) | ||
| Heart failure | 15 (2.0) | ||
| Peripheral vascular disease | 14 (1.9) | ||
| Smoking status | Never smoked | 386 (51.8) | 2 (0.3) |
| Former smoker | 327 (43.9) | ||
| Current smoker | 30 (4.0) | ||
| Biochemical markers at visit 1, mean (SD) | Serum creatinine (µmol/l) | 88.4 (23.2) | 16 (2.1) |
| Serum cystatin C (mg/l) | 1.2 (0.4) | 83 (11.1) | |
| ACR (mg/mmol) | 3.4 (9.4)c | 51 (6.8) | |
| eGFR-serum creatinine (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 69.4 (16.2) | 19 (2.6) | |
| eGFR-serum cystatin C (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 61.9 (20.3) | 86 (11.5) | |
| eGFR over the extended baseline, mean (SD) | eGFR-serum creatinine (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 68.9 (15.5) | 6 (0.8) |
| eGFR-serum cystatin C (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 61.1 (19.4) | 8 (1.1) | |
↵a Unless otherwise stated.
↵b Those with a diagnosis or history noted in the GP record at the first visit.
↵c ACR summaries do not include measures that were reported by the lab as ‘unable to calculate’ because of very low levels of urine albumin, or those entered as ‘normal’ on the GP system, where it was not possible to obtain a more accurate result. ACR = albumin:creatinine ratio. eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate. FORM-2C = Frequency of Renal Monitoring — Creatinine and Cystatin C. n/a = not applicable.