Baseline characteristics by anticoagulant treatment versus no anticoagulant treatment
| Baseline characteristics | Baseline treatment | P-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No OAC (N= 1219) | OAC (N = 2342) | ||
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 719 (59.0) | 1324 (56.5) | 0.161 |
| Female | 500 (41.0) | 1018 (43.5) | |
| Age, years, median (Q1; Q3) | 75.0 (69.0; 82.0) | 75.0 (69.0; 81.0) | 0.353 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 1172 | 2298 | |
| White | 1160 (99.0) | 2268 (98.7) | 0.659 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 2 (0.2) | 8 (0.3) | |
| Asian | 3 (0.3) | 10 (0.4) | |
| African Caribbean/mixed/other | 7 (0.6) | 12 (0.5) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, median (Q1; Q3) | 27.5 (24.6; 31.3) | 28.4 (25.1; 32.7) | 0.002 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, median (Q1; Q3) | 134.0 (121.0; 143.0) | 132.0 (120.0; 140.0) | 0.021 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg, median (Q1; Q3) | 79.0 (70.0; 84.0) | 78.0 (70.0; 83.0) | 0.127 |
| Pulse, BPM, median (Q1; Q3) | 82.0 (70.0; 102.0) | 80.0 (70.0; 100.0) | 0.033 |
| Type of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | |||
| Permanent | 379 (31.1) | 852 (36.4) | <0.001 |
| Persistent | 65 (5.3) | 209 (8.9) | |
| Paroxysmal | 257 (21.1) | 392 (16.7) | |
| New onset (unclassified) | 517 (42.4) | 889 (38.0) | |
| Medical history, n (%)b | |||
| Heart failure | 70 (5.7) | 201 (8.6) | 0.003 |
| Acute coronary syndromes | 114 (9.4) | 249 (10.7) | 0.224 |
| Vascular diseasec | 251 (20.7) | 504 (21.7) | 0.521 |
| Carotid occlusive disease | 14 (1.2) | 37 (1.6) | 0.294 |
| Venous thromboembolism | 40 (3.3) | 124 (5.3) | 0.007 |
| Prior stroke/TIA/systemic embolism | 122 (10.1) | 328 (14.1) | <0.001 |
| Prior bleeding | 69 (5.7) | 40 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 810 (66.6) | 1664 (71.3) | 0.004 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 429 (36.1) | 883 (38.5) | 0.172 |
| Diabetes | 161 (13.2) | 464 (19.8) | <0.001 |
| Cirrhosis | 6 (0.5) | 5 (0.2) | 0.155 |
| Moderate-to-severe CKD | 308 (25.9) | 585 (25.5) | 0.774 |
| Dementia | 8 (0.7) | 20 (0.9) | 0.529 |
| Heavy alcohol consumption, n (%)b | 68 (6.3) | 58 (2.8) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker, n (%)b | 87 (7.3) | 155 (6.7) | 0.554 |
| Antiplatelet treatment, n (%) | 742 (60.9) | 447 (19.1) | <0.001 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score, median (Q1; Q3) | 3.0 (2.0; 4.0) | 3.0 (2.0; 4.0) | <0.001 |
| HAS-BLED score, median (Q1; Q3) | 2.0 (1.0; 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0; 2.0) | <0.001 |
↵a P-values calculated using t-test or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for categorical variables and χ2 test or Fisher exact test for categorical variables, as appropriate.
↵b Some patients have unavailable baseline characteristics information. Percentages are calculated among those with available information.
↵c Defined as peripheral artery disease and/or coronary artery disease.
d The risk factor ‘Labile INRs’ is not included in the HAS-BLED score as it was not collected at baseline. As a result, the maximum HAS-BLED score at baseline is eight points (not nine). BPM = beats per minute. CKD = chronic kidney disease. INR = international normalisation ratio. OAC = oral anticoagulant. TIA = transient ischaemic attack.