Advancing frailty and the prevalence of stroke risk factors in care home residents aged ≥65 years with atrial fibrillation
| Category | Frailty category on care entrya | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No frailty (n = 1864) | Mild frailty (n = 3714) | Moderate frailty (n = 5145) | Severe frailty (n = 3770) | |
| Stroke risk factors on care entry, n (%)b | ||||
| Age category, years | ||||
| 65–74 | 109 (5.8) | 253 (6.8) | 242 (4.7) | 166 (4.4) |
| 75–84 | 638 (34.2) | 1249 (33.6) | 1603 (31.2) | 1192 (31.6) |
| 85–94 | 962 (51.6) | 1899 (51.1) | 2856 (55.5) | 2142 (56.8) |
| ≥95 | 155 (8.3) | 313 (8.4) | 444 (8.6) | 270 (7.2) |
| Sex, male | 641 (34.4) | 1375 (37.0) | 1854 (36.0) | 1233 (32.7) |
| Heart failure | 297 (15.9) | 731 (19.7) | 1525 (29.6) | 1651 (43.8) |
| Hypertension | 258 (13.8) | 1480 (39.8) | 2810 (54.6) | 2419 (64.2) |
| Diabetes | 46 (2.5) | 83 (2.2) | 215 (4.2) | 384 (10.2) |
| Myocardial infarction | 135 (7.2) | 188 (5.1) | 380 (7.4) | 428 (11.4) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 36 (1.9) | 142 (3.8) | 287 (5.6) | 390 (10.3) |
| Venous thromboembolism | 38 (2.0) | 82 (2.2) | 171 (3.3) | 173 (4.6) |
| Transient ischaemic attack | 85 (4.6) | 165 (4.4) | 267 (5.2) | 279 (7.4) |
| Strokec | 331 (17.8) | 761 (20.5) | 1048 (20.4) | 789 (20.9) |
| Stroke risk assessment on care home entry | ||||
| CHA2DS2-VASc category,d n (%) | ||||
| Low moderate | 24 (1.3) | 42 (1.1) | 22 (0.4) | 9 (0.2) |
| Moderate high | 1840 (98.7) | 3672 (98.9) | 5123 (99.6) | 3761 (99.8) |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score,d median (IQR) | 3 (3–4) | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) | 5 (4–5) |
↵a Defined using the eFI: no frailty (eFI 0 0.12); mild (eFI >0.12 0.24); moderate (eFI >0.24 0.36); or severe (eFI >0.36) frailty.
↵b Aortic plaque not reported on as a stroke risk factor because of small numbers and risk of resident identification.
↵c Including ischaemic, haemorrhagic stroke, and stroke of unknown origin.
↵d CHA2DS2-VASc, stroke risk assessment scoring one point each for female sex, age 65–74 years, history of heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, vascular disease, and two points each for history of stroke/transient ischaemic attack/venous thromboembolism and age ≥75 years.
eFI = electronic Frailty Index. IQR = interquartile range.