Skip to main content
Log in

Prevalence of burnout among Irish general practitioners: a cross-sectional study

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Burnout constitutes a significant problem among physicians which impacts negatively upon both the doctor and their patients. Previous research has indicated that burnout is prevalent among primary care physicians in other European countries and North America. However, there is a paucity of research assessing burnout among Irish general practitioners and examining predictive factors.

Aims

To report the findings of a survey of burnout among Irish general practitioners, and assess variables related to burnout in this population.

Methods

An online, anonymous questionnaire was distributed to general practitioners working in the Republic of Ireland.

Results

In total, 683 general practitioners (27.3 % of practising Irish general practitioners) completed the survey. Of these, 52.7 % reported high levels of emotional exhaustion, 31.6 % scored high on depersonalisation and 16.3 % presented with low levels of personal accomplishment. In total, 6.6 % presented with all three symptoms, fulfilling the criteria for burnout. Emotional exhaustion was higher among this sample than that reported in European and UK studies of burnout in general practitioners. Personal accomplishment was, however, higher in this sample than in other studies. Multiple regression analyses revealed that younger age, non-principal status role, and male gender were related to increased risk of burnout symptoms.

Conclusions

The symptoms of burnout appear prevalent among Irish general practitioners. This is likely to have a detrimental impact both upon the individual general practitioners and the patients that they serve. Research investigating the factors contributing to burnout in this population, and evaluating interventions to improve general practitioner well-being, is, therefore, essential.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP (2001) Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol 52:397–422

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Shirom A, Melamed S, Toker S, Berliner S, Shapira I (2005) Burnout and health review: current knowledge and future research directions. Int J Rev Ind Organ Psychol 2005(20):269–308

    Google Scholar 

  3. Shanafelt TD, Boone S, Tan L, Dyrbye LN, Sotile W, Satele D et al (2012) Burnout and satisfaction with work-life balance among US physicians relative to the general US population. Arch Int Med 172:1377–1385

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Shanafelt T, Sloan J, Habermann T (2003) The well-being of physicians. Am J Med 114(6):513–517

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Arigoni F, Bovier PA, Mermillod B, Waltz P, Sappino AP (2009) Prevalence of burnout among Swiss cancer clinicians, paediatricians and general practitioners: who are most at risk? Support Care Cancer 17:75–81

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Soler JK, Yaman H, Esteva M, Dobbs F, European General Practice Research Network Burnout Study Group (2008) Burnout in European family doctors: the EGPRN study. Fam Pract 25:245–265

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kushnir T, Cohen AH, Kitai E (2000) Continuing medical education and primary physicians’ job stress, burnout and dissatisfaction. Med Educ 34:430–436

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Peisah C, Latif E, Wilhelm K, Williams B (2009) Secrets to psychological success: why older doctors might have lower psychological distress and burnout than younger doctors. Aging Ment Health 13:300–307

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Gold KJ, Sen A, Schwenk TL (2013) Details on suicide among US physicians: data from the national violent death reporting system. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 35:45–49

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Shanafelt TD, Balch CM, Bechamps G, Russell T, Dyrbye L, Satele D, Collicott P, Novotny PJ, Sloan J, Freischlag J (2010) Burnout and medical errors among American surgeons. Ann Surg 251:995–1000

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Linzer M, Visser MR, Oort FJ, Smets EM, McMurray JE, de Haes HC, Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM), Career Satisfaction Study Group (CSSG) (2001) Predicting and preventing physician burnout: results from the United States and the Netherlands. Am J Med 111:170–175

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Shanafelt T, Dyrbye L (2012) Oncologist burnout: causes, consequences, and responses. J Clin Oncol 30:1235–1241

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Williams ES, Manwell LB, Konrad TR, Linzer M (2007) The relationship of organizational culture, stress, satisfaction, and burnout with physician-reported error and suboptimal patient care: results from the MEMO study. Health Care Manag R 32:203–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Halbesleben JR, Rathert C (2008) Linking physician burnout and patient outcomes: exploring the dyadic relationship between physicians and patients. Health Care Manag R 33:29–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Zenasni F, Boujut E, Buffel du Vaure C, Catu-Pinault A, Tavani JL, Rigal L, Jaury P, Magnier AM, Falcoff H, Sultan S (2012) Development of a French-language version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy and association with practice characteristics and burnout in a sample of general practitioners. Int J Pers Cent Med 2:759–766

    Google Scholar 

  16. Bakker AB, Schaufeli WB, Sixma HJ, Bosveld W, Van Dierendonck D (2000) Patient demands, lack of reciprocity, and burnout: a five-year longitudinal study among general practitioners. J Organ Behav 21:425–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Dyrbye LN, Massie FS, Eacker A, Harper W, Power D, Durning SJ, Thomas MR, Moutier C, Satele D, Sloan J, Shanafelt TD (2009) Relationship between burnout and professional conduct and attitudes among US medical students. JAMA 304:1173–1180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Orton P, Orton C, Gray DP (2012) Depersonalised doctors: a cross-sectional study of 564 doctors, 760 consultations and 1876 patient reports in UK general practice. BMJ open 2:e000274

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Lee FJ, Stewart M, Brown JB (2008) Stress, burnout, and strategies for reducing them: what’s the situation among Canadian family physicians? Can Fam Physician 54:234–235

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Maslach C, Jackson SE, Maslach Leiter MP, Manual Burnout Inventory (eds) (1996) Palo Alto, 3rd edn. Consulting Psychologists Press Inc., CA

    Google Scholar 

  21. Health Service Executive (2013) General practitioners or family doctors. http://www.hse.ie/eng/services/list/2/gp

  22. Zwack J, Schweitzer J (2013) If every fifth physician is affected by burnout, what about the other four? Resilience strategies of experienced physicians. Acad Med 88:382–389

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Byrne D, Buttrey S, Carberry C, Lydon S, O’Connor P (2015) Is there a risk profile for the vulnerable junior doctor? Irish J Med Sci 2015:2. doi:10.1007/s11845-015-1316-3

    Google Scholar 

  24. Royal College of General Practitioners (2015) Patient safety implications of general practice workload. http://www.rcgp.org.uk/policy/rcgp-policy-areas/~/media/Files/Policy/A-Z-policy/2015/RCGP-Patient-safety-implications-of-general-practice-workload-July-2015.ashx

  25. Awa WL, Plaumann M, Walter U (2010) Burnout prevention: a review of intervention programs. Patient Educ Couns 78:184–190

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Bragard I, Etienne AM, Merckaert I, Libert Y, Razavi D (2010) Efficacy of a communication and stress management training on medical residents’ self-efficacy, stress to communicate and burnout: a randomized controlled study. J Health Psychol 15:1075–1081

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Sluiter JK, Bos AP, Tol D, Calff M, Krijnen M, Frings-Dresen MH (2005) Is staff well-being and communication enhanced by multidisciplinary work shift evaluations? Intensive Care Med 31:1409–1414

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Rø KEI, Gude T, Tyssen R, Aasland OG (2008) Counselling for burnout in Norwegian doctors: one year cohort study. BMJ 2008:337

    Google Scholar 

  29. Cooper CL, Cartwright S (1994) Healthy mind; healthy organization—a proactive approach to occupational stress. Hum Relat 47:455–471

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Wallace JE, Lemaire JB, Ghali WA (2009) Physician wellness: a missing quality indicator. Lancet 374:1714–1721

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Schaufeli WB, Taris TW (2005) The conceptualization and measurement of burnout: common ground and worlds apart. Work Stress 19:256–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the contribution of Gorilla Survey and all participating general practitioners.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to B. O’Dea.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Funding

This study did not receive any grant funding.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Ethical approval

Ethical approval was granted by the research ethics committee of the Irish College of General Practitioners.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

O’Dea, B., O’Connor, P., Lydon, S. et al. Prevalence of burnout among Irish general practitioners: a cross-sectional study. Ir J Med Sci 186, 447–453 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-016-1407-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-016-1407-9

Keywords

Navigation