Skip to main content
Log in

Measles, Mumps and Rubella Vaccine

Current Safety Issues

  • Current Opinion
  • Published:
BioDrugs Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The current state of knowledge regarding the safety of measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (MMR) is reviewed. Although there are known adverse reactions to the vaccine, the majority are relatively minor and have no long term consequences, and those that do have long term consequences are extremely rare. Contraindications, known adverse reactions that may follow MMR immunisation, publicised adverse events for which a causal association with MMR has not been established, and the complications that may follow an infection with wild-type measles, mumps or rubella, are discussed. The article also discusses, with examples, the misleading information that can be obtained on the internet and in the public press.

It is vital that the general public have an understanding of the great benefits and low risks associated with the use of MMR vaccine, because it is important that they consent to the administration of MMR vaccine to their children in order to ensure the success of universal immunisation programmes and the control of measles, mumps and rubella. Therefore, it becomes increasingly important for health professionals to use innovative education methods to promote immunisation and counteract the incorrect and misleading information that is readily available on the internet and in the media.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Last JM. Public health and human ecology. 2nd rev. Stanford (CT): Appleton and Lange, 1998: 365–75

    Google Scholar 

  2. Mausner JS, Kramer S. Epidemiology: an introductory text. 2nd rev. Philadelphia (PA): W B Saunders, 1985: 180–7

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chen RT, DeStefano F. Vaccine adverse events: causal or coincidental? Lancet 1998; 351: 611–2

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Lee JW, Melgaard B, Clements CJC, et al. Autism, inflammatory bowel disease and MMR vaccine. Lancet 1998; 351: 905

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Measles, mumps and rubella — vaccine use and strategies for elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome and control of mumps: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1998 May 22; 47: RR8 19–57

    Google Scholar 

  6. James JM, Burks AW, Roberson PK, et al. Safe administration of the measles vaccine to children allergic to eggs. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 1262–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Miller E, Goldacre M, Pugh S, et al. Risk of aseptic meningitis after measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine in UK children. Lancet 1993; 341: 979–82

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Duclos P, Ward BJ. Measles vaccines: a review of adverse events. Drug Saf 1998; 19: 435–54

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Markowitz LE, Katz SL. Measles vaccine. In: Plotkin SA, Mortimer EA, editors. Vaccines. 2nd rev. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1994: 252

    Google Scholar 

  10. Institute of Medicine. Evidence concerning rubella vaccines and arthritis, radiculoneuritis, and thrombocytopenic purpura. In: Howson CP, Howe CJ, Fineberg HV, editors. Adverse effects of pertussis and rubella vaccines. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1991: 187–205

    Google Scholar 

  11. da Silva CM, Salisbury DM, de Quadros CA. Measles vaccination and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet 1997; 349: 14–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Wakefield AJ, Murch SH, Anthony A, et al. Ileal-lymphoidnodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children. Lancet 1998; 351: 637–41

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Pebody RG, Paunio M, Ruutu P. Crohn’s disease has not increased in 1998 Finland. BMJ 1998; 316: 1745–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Miller E, Waight P. Measles, measles vaccination, and Crohn’s disease. Second immunisation has not affected incidence in England. BMJ 1998; 316: 1745

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Amin J, McIntyre PB, Heath TC. Measles vaccine, inflammatory bowel disease and pervasive developmental disorder: is there a cause for concern? Communic Dis Intell 1998; 22(4): 58–9

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Afzal MA, Minor PD, Begley J, et al. Absence of measles-virus genome in inflammatory bowel disease. Lancet 1998; 351: 646–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Sinclair L. Autism, inflammatory bowel disease and MMR vaccine. Lancet 1998; 351: 1355

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Peltola H, Heinonen OP. Frequency of true adverse reactions to measles mumps-rubella vaccine: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial in twins. Lancet 1986; I: 939–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lerman SJ, Bollinger M, Brunken JM. Clinical and serological evaluation of measles, mumps, and rubella (HPV-77: DE-5 and RA 27/3) virus vaccines, singly and in combination. Pediatrics 1981; 68: 18–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Mackay I. Virology down under: measles, mumps and rubella [internet web page]. http://www.im.ac.cn/vdu/mmr.htm [accessed 1999 Sep 20]

  21. Leading Edge International Research Group. Production of mass behavioral and neurological problems using vaccination to increase social control [internet web page]. http://trufax.org/m3v2/vacc2.html [accessed 1999 Sep 20]

  22. Peltola H, Heinonen OP, Valle M, et al. The elimination of indigenous measles, mumps, and rubella from Finland by a 12-year, two dose immunization program. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 1397–402

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Migasena S, Simasathien S, Samakoses R, et al. Adverse impact of infections on antibody response to measles vaccination. Vaccine 1998; 16(6): 647–52

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

West, R., Roberts, P.M. Measles, Mumps and Rubella Vaccine. BioDrugs 12, 423–429 (1999). https://doi.org/10.2165/00063030-199912060-00002

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00063030-199912060-00002

Keywords

Navigation