[Characteristics of health care demand in family medicine clinics in a health area of the community of Valencia]

Aten Primaria. 2005 Feb 15;35(2):82-8. doi: 10.1157/13071914.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: To measure with primary data the kinds of family doctor consultations, the reasons for them and the interruptions.

Design: Observational, transversal, and multi-centred study.

Setting: All the health centres in Area 17 of the Community of Valencia.

Participants: Representative sample of 2051 patients belonging to 20 family medicine lists at the 13 health centres in the Area, selected by sampling stratified for health centres and randomised by medical key.

Main measurements: All the activity occurring during the working day was monitored by an outside observer in the consulting room, who recorded the types of consultation (prior appointment, on-demand, scheduled, urgent, at home, by phone or through a family member) and the reasons for them (as a function of their clinical content for acute pathology, chronic pathology or preventive activities, bureaucratic-administrative reasons or to collect test results). The interruptions to the consultation were recorded. The means, percentages and 95% confidence limits were calculated.

Results: Women occasioned 57.5% (95% CI, 55.4-59.6) of demand; and the elderly, 35.9% (33.6%-38.2%). Mean attendance time was 5.38 +/- 4.45 minutes. 23.6% (25.4%-21.8%) attended without prior appointment; in 14.7% (16.2%-13.2%) a family member attended; 6.6% (7.7%-5.5%) were urgent; and 0.7% (1.1%-0.3%) were telephone consultations. 65.3% (67.4%-63.2%) of consultations were bureaucratic, and preventive measures were taken only in 3.4% (4.2%-2.6%). 21.8% (23.6%-20%) of patients consulted for clinical + bureaucratic reasons; and 35.5% (37.6%-33.4%), solely for bureaucratic reasons. In 12% (13.4%-10.6%) there were interruptions, mainly for phone calls (3.9%).

Conclusion: The over-65s caused over a third of all consultations. There was a high attendance without a prior appointment. There were few preventive activities. In consultations, bureaucratic activity takes up more time than clinical activity (care and prevention).

Objetivo: Cuantificar con datos primarios los tipos, motivos e interrupciones en las consultas de medicina de familia.

Diseño: Estudio observacional, transversal y multicéntrico.

Emplazamiento: Todos los centros de salud del Área 17 de la Comunidad Valenciana.

Participantes: Muestra representativa de 2.051 pacientes pertenecientes a 20 consultas de medicina familiar en los 13 centros de salud del área, seleccionados por muestreo estratificado por centros de salud y aleatorio por clave médica.

Mediciones principales: Se recogió mediante un observador externo en la consulta toda la actividad generada durante la jornada laboral, registrando los tipos de consulta (cita previa, demanda, programada, urgente, domicilio, telefónica o por familiar) y los motivos (en función de su contenido clínico para una enfermedad aguda o crónica, actividades preventivas, burocrático administrativo, o recoger resultados de pruebas). Se registraron las interrupciones en la consulta. Se calcularon las medias y los porcentajes, así como intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95%.

Resultados: Las mujeres ocasionan el 57,5% (IC del 95%, 55,4-59,6) de la demanda y los ancianos generan el 35,9% (IC del 95%, 33,6-38,2%). El tiempo medio asistencial fue de 5,38 ± 4,45 min. El 23,6% (25,4-21,8%) acude sin cita previa, el 14,7% (16,2-13,2%) acude en lugar de un familiar, el 6,6% (7,7-5,5%) solicita una visita urgente y el 0,7% (1,1-0,3%) mantiene una visita telefónica. Un 65,3% (67,4-63,2%) de las consultas son burocráticas y sólo en el 3,4% (4,2-2,6%) se realizan actividades preventivas. El 21,8% (23,6-20%) de los pacientes consultan por algún aspecto clínico y burocrático y el 35,5% (37,6-33,4%) sólo por un tema burocrático. En el 12% (13,4-10,6%) se produjeron interrupciones, fundamentalmente por llamadas telefónicas (3,9%).

Conclusión: La población mayor de 65 años genera más de un tercio de las consultas. Se detecta un elevado porcentaje de visitas sin cita previa. Se realizan pocas actividades preventivas. La actividad burocrática de las consultas es mayor que la actividad clínica (asistencial y preventiva).

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • English Abstract
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Delivery of Health Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Family Practice / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Health Services Needs and Demand / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Office Visits / statistics & numerical data
  • Primary Health Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Spain / epidemiology