In a study of 45 consecutive new outpatients at geriatric medicine clinics, 17.8% were diagnosed as depressed and 2.2% as anxious using the Geriatric Mental Status Schedule. Of two screening instruments, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), in either 30-item or 15-item version, performed well and the depression sub-scale of Goldberg and Bridges' screening questionnaire for depression and anxiety in medical settings was adequate. The anxiety sub-scale of the latter was poor. Detection by geriatricians of depression and anxiety disorders was poor. It is recommended that a short screening instrument for the detection of depression, such as the GDS, be incorporated into the clinic setting. As yet there is no satisfactory screening questionnaire for detecting anxiety disorders.