BACKGROUND. Triple‐negative breast cancer (estrogen receptor‐negative, progesterone
receptor‐negative, and HER2‐negative) is a high risk breast cancer that lacks the benefit of …

The autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of conditions characterized by impairments
in reciprocal social interaction and communication, and the presence of restricted and …

A transformation known as the maximum noise fraction (MNF) transformation, which always
produces new components ordered by image quality, is presented. It can be shown that this …

Oestrogen receptor-α (ER) is the defining and driving transcription factor in the majority of
breast cancers and its target genes dictate cell growth and endocrine response, yet genomic …

Breast carcinomas are often infiltrated by inflammatory cells, particularly macrophages and T
lymphocytes, but the significance of these cells remains unclear. One possible role of these …

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the
widespread development of distinctive tumors termed hamartomas. TSC-determining loci …

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short non-coding RNAs found in many plants
and animals, often act post-transcriptionally to inhibit gene expression. Results Here we …

Rare copy-number variation (CNV) is an important source of risk for autism spectrum
disorders (ASDs). We analyzed 2,446 ASD-affected families and confirmed an excess of genic …

The genomic landscape of breast cancer is complex, and inter-and intra-tumour heterogeneity
are important challenges in treating the disease. In this study, we sequence 173 genes in …

Background Immunohistochemical markers are often used to classify breast cancer into
subtypes that are biologically distinct and behave differently. The aim of this study was to …