Background: Effective HIV prevention programs rely on accurate estimates of the per-act
risk of HIV acquisition from sexual and parenteral exposures. We updated the previous risk …

Contamination of food by spoilage and pathogenic micro‐organisms costs the food industry
millions of dollars annually. Much of this contamination may be attributed to the presence of …

Like Baikal, Lakes Tanganyika and Nyasa each occupy tectonic troughs and all have many
similar features. All are very long and narrow. The long axis of Tanganyika measures 650 km.…

During an examination of the distri-bution of the cladoceran Daphnia in the lakes of southern
New England, it was noted that large Daphnia, although present in most of the lakes, could …

Background Preexposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral agents has been shown to reduce
the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among men who have sex with men; …

Importance Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiology of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is readily transmitted person to person. Optimal …

This report updates and combines earlier versions of guidelines for the prevention and treatment
of opportunistic infections (OIs) in HIV-infected adults (ie, persons aged> 18 years) and …

Background: AIDS-related death and disease rates have declined in the highly active
antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era and remain low; however, current causes of death in HAART-…

Background The optimal time for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy for asymptomatic patients
with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is uncertain. Methods We conducted …

The in vitro antibacterial activities of a total of 46 extracts from dietary spices and medicinal
herbs were investigated by agar-well diffusion method against five foodborne bacteria (…