Background Nicotine receptor partial agonists may help people to stop smoking by a
combination of maintaining moderate levels of dopamine to counteract withdrawal symptoms (…

Background The aim of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is to temporarily replace much
of the nicotine from cigarettes to reduce motivation to smoke and nicotine withdrawal …

… ' were classified as offering an intensive intervention, but there is only weak evidence that
self‐help materials have a small benefit when combined with face‐to‐face support (Lancaster …

… a state for a time t leaves it in the short interval of length dt after t. The probability that such
a … dt at or after t is P (t<T<t+dt | T≥ t), where the conditioning event that T >t is just the event …

… rate function A (t), t > 0, so that the probability of an offer in the short interval t, t + dt is A (t)dt, …
Then the choice of the reservation wage w'(t) at t implies that the probability of his accepting …

… Tim Lancaster … Trials that randomized physicians or other therapists to receive an
educational intervention, which included encouraging their patients to use NRT, were not …

… Some trials only enrolled people who said they wanted to try to quit at that time, but some
included people who weren't planning to quit. Studies had to report how many people had …

Background Smoking is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature death worldwide.
Some medications have been proven to help people to quit, with three licensed for this …

Background Individual counselling from a smoking cessation specialist may help smokers to
make a successful attempt to stop smoking. Objectives

… (1984), when studying the dependence of patent filings on R&D expenditure using a panel
of firms wrote, ‘… we cannot simply estimate separate (firm-specific fixed effects)… because …